2026수능특강 영독연 1강 변형문제 (7~12번)

The primary goal of replication is to determine the extent to which an observed relationship generalizes across different tests of the research ____.

However, just because a finding does ____ generalize does not mean it is not interesting or important. Indeed, science proceeds by discovering limiting conditions for previously demonstrated relationships.

Few relationships ____ in all settings and for all people.

Scientific theories are ____ over time as more information about their limitations is discovered.

As an example, one of the interesting questions in research ____ the effects of exposure to violent material on aggression concerns the fact that although it is well known that the viewing of violence tends to increase aggression on average, this does not happen for all people.

So it is extremely important to conduct participant replications to determine which people will, and which will not, be influenced by exposure to violent ____.

One might ask why having a conversation on a ____ phone while driving is so much more disruptive than, for example, having a conversation with a passenger in the car.

A likely reason is the ____ of control over the situation when having a mobile phone conversation.

A passenger in the ____ will pick up from non-verbal cues that the driver needs to concentrate on the main task of driving at times when the latter becomes tricky.

A remote interlocutor is much ____ likely to pick up these cues and therefore will continue to make cognitively demanding conversation at a time when the secondary task needs to be shut down to devote resources to the main driving task.

A cognitively demanding conversation, especially one over which the driver has little or no control in terms of dynamically adjusting his or her allocation of cognitive resources, appears to interfere with computation of ____, distances and widths as required by the driving task, probably as a result of diminished attention to sensory inputs.

Use of a mobile phone also demands other secondary tasks, such as inputting of a ____ number on the keypad, which would also tend to interfere with the main driving task.

Firms ____ bundle goods or services for convenience or marketing purposes.

Shoe vendors could sell lefts and rights separately but nearly all consumers would ____ buy the bundle.

Bundling can also help sellers extract higher profits ____ consumers have imperfectly correlated preferences for related goods.

For example, cable television services usually offer a wide range of programming, including channels that ____ in sports, food, drama, and news.

Cable services could allow their customers to purchase channels “a la carte” — sports fans could ____ just the sports channels, and so forth.

But cable services instead set a single ____ price that is not too much more than individual a la carte prices.

(For example, the price for the “sports +food +drama +news” bundle is not much more than the price the service would charge for the ____ package alone.)

Since the cable service has essentially zero ____ cost of selling the bundle, this practice helps increase its profits.

Many studies have shown that the brain cannot recognize the difference ____ a well-imagined experience and the real thing.

Try this experiment. Imagine that you have a beautiful ____ yellow lemon in your hand.

Imagine ____ slicing the lemon in half and looking at the juicy circle of the lemon.

Now, imagine yourself ____ into the lemon.

If you are like many people, ____ begin to salivate.

You may feel some tightness in your throat ____ the sourness.

But you can see that since there is no real lemon, you are having a physiological reaction to an ____ experience.

So, too, with organizing; the more ____ you can imagine arriving on time in a calm, relaxed fashion, the more your body receives signals from your brain that it is a true experience.

Through visualizing, you are practicing for ____.

In addition to changing a hypothesis by being more specific about which amounts of one variable had what effect, you can change a hypothesis by being more ____ about which aspect of a variable had what effect.

Thus, if your hypothesis involves a general construct, you may be able to improve your hypothesis by breaking that multidimensional construct down into its individual dimensions and then making hypotheses involving those individual ____.

For example, rather than hypothesizing that love will increase over time, you might hypothesize that certain aspects of love (commitment, intimacy) will increase over time, whereas other parts (____ love) will not.

Similarly, rather than saying that stress will interfere with memory, you might try to find what part of memory is ____ affected by stress.

Is it ____, rehearsal, organization, or retrieval?

The component strategy has paid off for social psychologists who have broken down prejudice into its conscious and unconscious dimensions and for personality psychologists who have broken down ____ (overall) self-esteem into different types (body self-esteem, academic self-esteem, social self-esteem, etc.).

Most organizations and ____ get into trouble in the implementation phase of the leadership process.

With ____ leaders at the helm, the traditional hierarchical pyramid is kept alive and well.

When that happens, who do people ____ they work for? The people above them.

The minute you think you work for the person above you for implementation, you are assuming that person — your boss — is responsible and your job is ____ responsive to that boss and to his or her whims or wishes.

Now “boss watching” becomes a popular sport and ____ get promoted on their upward-influencing skills.

As a result, all the energy of the organization is moving up the hierarchy, away from customers and the frontline folks who are ____ to the action.

What you get is a duck pond. ____ there is a conflict between what the customers want and what the boss wants, the boss wins.

You have people quacking like ducks: “It’s our policy.” “I just ____ here.” “Would you like me to get my supervisor?”