2026수능특강 영독연 1강 변형문제 (7~12번)

The primary goal of replication is to determine the extent to which an ____ relationship generalizes across different tests of the research hypothesis.

However, just because a finding does not ____ does not mean it is not interesting or important. Indeed, science proceeds by discovering limiting conditions for previously demonstrated relationships.

Few relationships hold in all settings and for ____ people.

____ theories are modified over time as more information about their limitations is discovered.

As an example, one of the interesting questions in research investigating the ____ of exposure to violent material on aggression concerns the fact that although it is well known that the viewing of violence tends to increase aggression on average, this does not happen for all people.

So it is extremely important to ____ participant replications to determine which people will, and which will not, be influenced by exposure to violent material.

One might ask why having a conversation on a mobile phone while driving is so much more disruptive ____, for example, having a conversation with a passenger in the car.

A likely reason is the loss of control over the ____ when having a mobile phone conversation.

A passenger in the car will ____ up from non-verbal cues that the driver needs to concentrate on the main task of driving at times when the latter becomes tricky.

A remote interlocutor is much less likely to pick up these cues and therefore ____ continue to make cognitively demanding conversation at a time when the secondary task needs to be shut down to devote resources to the main driving task.

A cognitively demanding conversation, especially one over which the driver has little or no control in terms of dynamically adjusting his or her allocation of cognitive resources, appears to interfere with computation of speeds, distances and widths as required by the driving task, probably as a ____ of diminished attention to sensory inputs.

Use of a mobile phone also demands other secondary tasks, such as inputting of a telephone number on the keypad, which would also tend to interfere with the main driving ____.

Firms often bundle ____ or services for convenience or marketing purposes.

Shoe vendors could sell ____ and rights separately but nearly all consumers would rather buy the bundle.

Bundling can ____ help sellers extract higher profits when consumers have imperfectly correlated preferences for related goods.

For example, cable television services usually offer a ____ range of programming, including channels that specialize in sports, food, drama, and news.

Cable services could allow their customers to purchase channels “a la carte” — sports fans ____ purchase just the sports channels, and so forth.

But cable services ____ set a single bundled price that is not too much more than individual a la carte prices.

(For example, the price for the “sports +food +drama +news” bundle is not much more than the price the ____ would charge for the sports package alone.)

Since the cable service has essentially zero marginal cost of selling the bundle, this practice helps increase ____ profits.

Many studies have shown that the brain cannot ____ the difference between a well-imagined experience and the real thing.

____ this experiment. Imagine that you have a beautiful juicy yellow lemon in your hand.

Imagine yourself slicing the lemon in half and looking at the juicy ____ of the lemon.

Now, imagine ____ biting into the lemon.

If you are like many people, ____ begin to salivate.

You may ____ some tightness in your throat from the sourness.

But ____ can see that since there is no real lemon, you are having a physiological reaction to an imagined experience.

So, too, with organizing; the more vividly you can imagine arriving on time in a calm, relaxed fashion, the more your body receives signals ____ your brain that it is a true experience.

____ visualizing, you are practicing for reality.

In addition to changing a hypothesis by being more specific about which amounts of one variable had what effect, you can change a hypothesis by being more specific about ____ aspect of a variable had what effect.

Thus, if your hypothesis involves a general construct, you may be able to improve your hypothesis by breaking that multidimensional construct down into its individual dimensions and then ____ hypotheses involving those individual components.

For example, rather than hypothesizing that ____ will increase over time, you might hypothesize that certain aspects of love (commitment, intimacy) will increase over time, whereas other parts (passionate love) will not.

Similarly, rather than saying that stress will ____ with memory, you might try to find what part of memory is most affected by stress.

Is it encoding, rehearsal, ____, or retrieval?

The component strategy has paid off for social psychologists who have broken down prejudice into its conscious and ____ dimensions and for personality psychologists who have broken down global (overall) self-esteem into different types (body self-esteem, academic self-esteem, social self-esteem, etc.).

Most organizations and leaders get into trouble in the implementation ____ of the leadership process.

With self-serving leaders at the ____, the traditional hierarchical pyramid is kept alive and well.

When that happens, who do people think they work for? The people above ____.

The minute you think you work for the person ____ you for implementation, you are assuming that person — your boss — is responsible and your job is being responsive to that boss and to his or her whims or wishes.

Now “boss watching” becomes a popular sport and people get promoted on their ____ skills.

As a result, all the energy of the ____ is moving up the hierarchy, away from customers and the frontline folks who are closest to the action.

What you get is a duck pond. When there is a conflict ____ what the customers want and what the boss wants, the boss wins.

You have people quacking like ducks: “It’s our policy.” “I just work here.” “Would you like me to get my ____?”