EBS 2026 수능특강 영어독해연습 5강
7 화산이 날씨에 미치는 영향
The impacts that volcanoes ____ have on the weather can extend well beyond the eruption site; they are one of the largest drivers of climate change over geological timescales.
The vast majority of the 65,500 billion tons of carbon on Earth is held within ____
The remainder resides in the oceans, atmosphere, plants, ____ and fossil fuels.
Carbon dioxide inside Earth is released continually during volcanic eruptions, and ____ the Industrial Revolution volcanoes were the largest source of carbon dioxide entering Earth’s atmosphere.
However, the release of carbon is largely regulated by the natural carbon cycle, which draws down as much carbon from the atmosphere as volcanoes release into ____ acting as a planetary scale thermostat.
If temperatures increase due to a period of ____ volcanism, more carbon will be drawn down from the atmosphere, which will take temperatures back to their previous levels.
____ given the slow rate of some of these chemical reactions it can take hundreds of thousands of years for the system to stabilize.
8 음반을 통한 음악 전수
Ignacio Varchausky from the Buenos Aires tango orchestra El Arranque says in the documentary Si Sos Brujo that he and others tried learning from records how the older orchestras did what they ____ but it was difficult, almost impossible.
Eventually, El ____ had to find the surviving players from those ensembles and ask them how it was done.
The older players had to physically show the younger players how to replicate the effects they got, and which notes and beats should ____ emphasized.
So, to some extent, music is still an oral (and physical) tradition, handed down ____ one person to another.
Records may do a lot to preserve music and ____ it, but they can’t do what direct transmission does.
In that same documentary, Wynton ____ says that the learning, the baton passing, happens on the bandstand — one has to play with others, to learn by watching and imitating.
For Varchausky, when those older ____ are gone, the traditions (and techniques) will be lost if their knowledge is not passed on directly.
History ____ culture can’t really be preserved by technology alone.
9 의사소통 목적에 따른 적절한 기술 사용
Teams have many communication technologies at their ____ ranging from email and chat platforms to web conferencing and videoconferencing.
People often default to using the tool that is most convenient or familiar to them, but some technologies are better suited to certain tasks than others, and choosing the wrong ____ can lead to trouble.
Communication tools differ ____ a number of dimensions, including information richness (or the capacity to transfer nonverbal and other cues that help people interpret meaning) and the level of real-time interaction that is possible.
A team’s communication tasks likewise vary in complexity, depending on the need to ____ different viewpoints, give and receive feedback, or avoid the potential for misunderstanding.
The purpose of the communication should ____ the delivery mechanism.
____ carefully consider your goals.
Use leaner, text-based media such as email, chat, and ____ boards when pushing information in one direction — for instance, when circulating routine information and plans, sharing ideas, and collecting simple data.
Web conferencing and videoconferencing are richer, more interactive tools better suited to complex tasks such as problem solving and negotiation, which ____ squaring different ideas and perspectives.
10 동물의 미래 지향적인 행동
Animals regularly engage in future-oriented behaviors, from nest-building to ____
Clearly these behaviors are functionally prospective, but the extent to which they are controlled by cognitive processes remains ____ open question.
Migrating birds, for example, travel long distances ____ avoid cold winters, without ever having experienced a winter, warmer climates, or the dangers of travel.
These birds ____ unable to know what it is they are avoiding and why this course of action benefits them.
Indeed, when two bird populations with different migratory paths are cross-bred, the resulting offspring migrate in ____ direction halfway between that of their parents, suggesting that direction of migration is genetically determined.
From this example we can see that not all prospective behaviors can be considered to involve awareness of the future, but may instead be automatic responses to ____ (e.g., seasonal changes in day length or hormones), or learned, cues.
11 토양과 식물 간의 상호 작용
Soil and the plants that grow in it are continually interacting in many ways, both directly and through the effects of the many kinds ____ bacteria, fungi and other small organisms that are always present.
Most notably, plants are continually dropping leaves and other parts which fall to the ground to rot in ____ where they release their nutrients, although in some drier climates, lightning-set fires are necessary to liberate the mineral nutrients present in the plant litter.
In any case, most of the nutrients present in dead plant material end up locally in the soil, while the vast networks of plant roots and fungal threads ____ with bacteria, lichens and sticky humus to effectively hold the soil together even in the face of heavy rains and strong winds.
The result is effective and continuous recycling of plant nutrients which are capable of moving ____ and forth between the soil and the plants almost indefinitely.
Soil is also ____ vast storehouse for the seeds and spores produced by the local plants, a key factor in allowing vegetation to regenerate following disturbance.
12 진화의 속도
When Darwin developed his theory of natural selection, he imagined evolution unrolling on geological timescales: the way a glacier sculpts a valley or ____ beats on a rock, so time molds one species into another.
Such was the conventional wisdom for ____ a century.
But in the late twentieth century, our understanding of evolution started to change, thanks in no small part to the continuing study of the ____ finches that Darwin himself had observed on the
It turns out that evolution works far ____ quickly than Darwin imagined.
The finches of the ____ evolve on timescales we can observe.
In 1983, for instance, a year with superabundant rainfall, a species of vine with tiny ____ overran the flora of Daphne Island.
The birds with the smallest ____ pointiest beaks were suddenly, and distinctly, advantaged.
Their genes rapidly ____
____ for traits can happen over the course of years or decades, not just eons.
And ____ finches are exemplary, not exceptional.
They are a privileged case of the paradigm that the biologist ____ Thompson has called “relentless evolution.”