EBS 2026 수능특강 영어독해연습 5강
7 화산이 날씨에 미치는 영향
The impacts that volcanoes ____ have on the weather can extend well beyond the eruption site; they are one of the largest drivers of climate change over geological timescales.
The ____ majority of the 65,500 billion tons of carbon on Earth is held within rocks.
____ remainder resides in the oceans, atmosphere, plants, soil and fossil fuels.
Carbon dioxide inside ____ is released continually during volcanic eruptions, and before the Industrial Revolution volcanoes were the largest source of carbon dioxide entering Earth’s atmosphere.
However, the release of carbon is largely regulated by the natural carbon cycle, which draws ____ as much carbon from the atmosphere as volcanoes release into it, acting as a planetary scale thermostat.
If temperatures increase due to a period of intense volcanism, more carbon will be drawn down from the atmosphere, which ____ take temperatures back to their previous levels.
However, given the slow rate of some of these chemical reactions it ____ take hundreds of thousands of years for the system to stabilize.
8 음반을 통한 음악 전수
Ignacio Varchausky from the Buenos Aires tango orchestra El Arranque says in the documentary Si Sos Brujo that he and others tried learning from records how the older orchestras did what they did, but it was difficult, almost ____
Eventually, El Arranque had to find the surviving players from those ensembles and ask them ____ it was done.
The older players had to physically show ____ younger players how to replicate the effects they got, and which notes and beats should be emphasized.
So, to some extent, music is ____ an oral (and physical) tradition, handed down from one person to another.
Records may do a lot to preserve music and disseminate it, but they can’t ____ what direct transmission does.
In that same documentary, Wynton Marsalis says that the learning, the baton passing, ____ on the bandstand — one has to play with others, to learn by watching and imitating.
For Varchausky, when those older players are gone, the ____ (and techniques) will be lost if their knowledge is not passed on directly.
History and culture can’t really ____ preserved by technology alone.
9 의사소통 목적에 따른 적절한 기술 사용
Teams have many communication technologies at their ____ ranging from email and chat platforms to web conferencing and videoconferencing.
People often default to using ____ tool that is most convenient or familiar to them, but some technologies are better suited to certain tasks than others, and choosing the wrong one can lead to trouble.
Communication tools differ along a number of dimensions, including information richness (or the capacity to transfer nonverbal and ____ cues that help people interpret meaning) and the level of real-time interaction that is possible.
A team’s communication tasks likewise vary in complexity, depending on the need to reconcile different viewpoints, ____ and receive feedback, or avoid the potential for misunderstanding.
____ purpose of the communication should determine the delivery mechanism.
So carefully consider ____ goals.
Use leaner, text-based media such as email, ____ and bulletin boards when pushing information in one direction — for instance, when circulating routine information and plans, sharing ideas, and collecting simple data.
Web conferencing ____ videoconferencing are richer, more interactive tools better suited to complex tasks such as problem solving and negotiation, which require squaring different ideas and perspectives.
10 동물의 미래 지향적인 행동
Animals regularly ____ in future-oriented behaviors, from nest-building to hibernation.
Clearly ____ behaviors are functionally prospective, but the extent to which they are controlled by cognitive processes remains an open question.
Migrating birds, for example, travel long distances to avoid cold winters, without ever having experienced a winter, warmer climates, or ____ dangers of travel.
These birds are unable to know what it is ____ are avoiding and why this course of action benefits them.
Indeed, when two bird populations with different migratory paths are cross-bred, the resulting offspring migrate in a direction halfway between that ____ their parents, suggesting that direction of migration is genetically determined.
From this example we can see that not all prospective behaviors can be considered to involve awareness of the future, but may instead be automatic responses ____ natural (e.g., seasonal changes in day length or hormones), or learned, cues.
11 토양과 식물 간의 상호 작용
Soil and the plants that grow in it are continually interacting in many ways, both directly and through the effects of the many kinds of bacteria, fungi and other small organisms that ____ always present.
Most notably, plants are continually dropping leaves and other parts which fall to the ____ to rot in place where they release their nutrients, although in some drier climates, lightning-set fires are necessary to liberate the mineral nutrients present in the plant litter.
In any case, most of the nutrients present in dead plant material end up locally in the soil, while the vast networks of plant roots ____ fungal threads join with bacteria, lichens and sticky humus to effectively hold the soil together even in the face of heavy rains and strong winds.
The result is effective and continuous recycling of plant nutrients which are capable of moving back and forth between the soil and the plants almost ____
Soil is also a vast storehouse for the seeds and spores produced ____ the local plants, a key factor in allowing vegetation to regenerate following disturbance.
12 진화의 속도
When Darwin developed his theory of natural selection, he imagined evolution unrolling on geological timescales: the way a glacier sculpts a valley or ____ beats on a rock, so time molds one species into another.
Such was ____ conventional wisdom for over a century.
But in the late twentieth century, our understanding of evolution started to change, thanks in no small part to the continuing study of the Galápagos finches that Darwin himself had observed ____ the
It turns out that ____ works far more quickly than Darwin imagined.
The finches of the Galápagos ____ on timescales we can observe.
In 1983, for instance, a year with superabundant rainfall, a species of vine with tiny seeds overran the flora of ____ Island.
The birds with the smallest and pointiest ____ were suddenly, and distinctly, advantaged.
____ genes rapidly spread.
Selection for traits can happen over the course of years or decades, not just ____
And Darwin’s finches are exemplary, not ____
They are a privileged case of the paradigm that the biologist ____ Thompson has called “relentless evolution.”