EBS 2026 수능특강 영어독해연습 5강
7 화산이 날씨에 미치는 영향
The impacts that volcanoes can have on the weather can extend well beyond the eruption site; they are ____ of the largest drivers of climate change over geological timescales.
The vast majority of the 65,500 billion tons of carbon on ____ is held within rocks.
The remainder resides in the oceans, atmosphere, plants, soil ____ fossil fuels.
Carbon dioxide inside Earth is released continually during volcanic eruptions, and before ____ Industrial Revolution volcanoes were the largest source of carbon dioxide entering Earth’s atmosphere.
However, the release of carbon is largely regulated by the natural carbon cycle, which draws ____ as much carbon from the atmosphere as volcanoes release into it, acting as a planetary scale thermostat.
If temperatures increase due to ____ period of intense volcanism, more carbon will be drawn down from the atmosphere, which will take temperatures back to their previous levels.
However, given the slow rate of some of these chemical reactions it can take hundreds of ____ of years for the system to stabilize.
8 음반을 통한 음악 전수
Ignacio Varchausky from the Buenos Aires tango orchestra El Arranque says in the documentary Si Sos Brujo that he and ____ tried learning from records how the older orchestras did what they did, but it was difficult, almost impossible.
Eventually, El Arranque had to find the surviving players from those ensembles and ____ them how it was done.
The older players had to physically show the younger players how to replicate the effects they got, ____ which notes and beats should be emphasized.
So, to some extent, music is still an oral (and physical) tradition, handed down from ____ person to another.
Records may do a lot to preserve music and disseminate it, ____ they can’t do what direct transmission does.
In that same documentary, Wynton Marsalis says that the learning, the baton passing, happens on the bandstand — one has ____ play with others, to learn by watching and imitating.
For Varchausky, when ____ older players are gone, the traditions (and techniques) will be lost if their knowledge is not passed on directly.
History and culture can’t ____ be preserved by technology alone.
9 의사소통 목적에 따른 적절한 기술 사용
Teams have many communication technologies at their disposal, ranging ____ email and chat platforms to web conferencing and videoconferencing.
People often default to using the tool that is ____ convenient or familiar to them, but some technologies are better suited to certain tasks than others, and choosing the wrong one can lead to trouble.
Communication tools differ along a number of dimensions, including information richness (or ____ capacity to transfer nonverbal and other cues that help people interpret meaning) and the level of real-time interaction that is possible.
A team’s communication tasks likewise vary in complexity, depending on the need to reconcile different viewpoints, give and receive feedback, or avoid the ____ for misunderstanding.
The purpose of the communication ____ determine the delivery mechanism.
So carefully consider ____ goals.
Use leaner, text-based media such as email, chat, and bulletin boards when pushing information in one direction — for instance, when circulating routine information and plans, sharing ____ and collecting simple data.
Web conferencing and ____ are richer, more interactive tools better suited to complex tasks such as problem solving and negotiation, which require squaring different ideas and perspectives.
10 동물의 미래 지향적인 행동
Animals regularly engage in future-oriented behaviors, from ____ to hibernation.
Clearly these behaviors are ____ prospective, but the extent to which they are controlled by cognitive processes remains an open question.
Migrating birds, for example, travel long distances to avoid cold winters, without ever ____ experienced a winter, warmer climates, or the dangers of travel.
These birds are unable to know what it is they are avoiding and why this course ____ action benefits them.
Indeed, when two bird populations with different migratory paths are cross-bred, the resulting offspring migrate in a direction halfway between ____ of their parents, suggesting that direction of migration is genetically determined.
From this example we can ____ that not all prospective behaviors can be considered to involve awareness of the future, but may instead be automatic responses to natural (e.g., seasonal changes in day length or hormones), or learned, cues.
11 토양과 식물 간의 상호 작용
Soil and the plants that grow in it are continually interacting in many ways, both directly and through the effects of ____ many kinds of bacteria, fungi and other small organisms that are always present.
Most notably, plants are continually dropping leaves and other parts which fall to the ground to rot in place where they release their nutrients, although in some drier climates, lightning-set fires are necessary to liberate the mineral nutrients present in the plant ____
In any case, most of the nutrients present in dead plant material end up locally in the soil, while the vast networks of plant roots and fungal threads join with bacteria, lichens and sticky humus to effectively hold the soil ____ even in the face of heavy rains and strong winds.
The result is effective and ____ recycling of plant nutrients which are capable of moving back and forth between the soil and the plants almost indefinitely.
Soil is also a vast storehouse for ____ seeds and spores produced by the local plants, a key factor in allowing vegetation to regenerate following disturbance.
12 진화의 속도
When Darwin developed his theory of natural selection, he imagined evolution unrolling on geological timescales: the way a glacier sculpts a ____ or weather beats on a rock, so time molds one species into another.
____ was the conventional wisdom for over a century.
But in the late twentieth century, our understanding of evolution started to change, thanks in no small part to the continuing study of the Galápagos finches that Darwin himself ____ observed on the
It turns out that evolution works far more quickly ____ Darwin imagined.
The finches of the Galápagos evolve on timescales ____ can observe.
In 1983, for instance, a year with superabundant rainfall, a species of vine with tiny seeds overran the ____ of Daphne Island.
The birds with the smallest ____ pointiest beaks were suddenly, and distinctly, advantaged.
Their genes rapidly ____
Selection for traits can happen over the ____ of years or decades, not just eons.
And Darwin’s finches are exemplary, ____ exceptional.
They are a privileged case of the paradigm that the ____ John Thompson has called “relentless evolution.”