2026수능특강 영독연 1강 변형문제 (7~12번)

The primary goal of replication is to determine the extent to which an observed relationship ____ across different tests of the research hypothesis.

However, just because a finding does not generalize does not mean it is not interesting or important. Indeed, science proceeds by discovering limiting conditions for ____ demonstrated relationships.

____ relationships hold in all settings and for all people.

Scientific theories are modified over time as more ____ about their limitations is discovered.

As an example, one of the interesting questions in research investigating the effects of exposure to violent material on aggression concerns the fact that although it is well known that the viewing of violence tends to increase aggression on average, this does not happen for all ____.

So it is extremely important to conduct participant replications to determine which people will, and which will not, be influenced by ____ to violent material.

One might ask why having a conversation on a mobile phone while driving is so much more disruptive than, for example, having a conversation with a passenger in the ____.

A likely reason is the loss of control over the situation when having a ____ phone conversation.

A passenger in the car will pick up from non-verbal cues that the driver needs to concentrate on the main task of driving at times ____ the latter becomes tricky.

A remote interlocutor is much less ____ to pick up these cues and therefore will continue to make cognitively demanding conversation at a time when the secondary task needs to be shut down to devote resources to the main driving task.

A cognitively demanding conversation, especially one over which the driver has little or no control in terms of dynamically adjusting his or her allocation of cognitive resources, appears to interfere with computation of speeds, distances and widths as required by the driving task, probably as a result of diminished attention to sensory ____.

Use of a mobile phone also demands other secondary tasks, such as inputting of a telephone number on the ____, which would also tend to interfere with the main driving task.

Firms often bundle goods or services for convenience or ____ purposes.

Shoe vendors could sell lefts and rights separately but nearly all consumers would rather buy the ____.

Bundling can also help sellers extract higher profits when ____ have imperfectly correlated preferences for related goods.

For example, cable television services usually offer a wide range of ____, including channels that specialize in sports, food, drama, and news.

Cable services could allow their customers to purchase channels “a la carte” — sports fans could purchase just the ____ channels, and so forth.

But cable services instead set a single bundled price that is not too much more than individual a la carte ____.

(For example, the price for the “sports +____ +drama +news” bundle is not much more than the price the service would charge for the sports package alone.)

Since the cable service has essentially zero marginal cost of ____ the bundle, this practice helps increase its profits.

Many studies have shown that the brain cannot recognize the difference between a well-imagined experience and the real ____.

Try this experiment. Imagine that you have a beautiful juicy yellow lemon in your ____.

Imagine yourself slicing the lemon in half and looking at the juicy circle of the ____.

____, imagine yourself biting into the lemon.

If you are like ____ people, you begin to salivate.

You may feel ____ tightness in your throat from the sourness.

But you can see that since there is no real lemon, you are having a physiological reaction to an imagined ____.

So, too, with organizing; the more vividly you can imagine arriving on time in a ____, relaxed fashion, the more your body receives signals from your brain that it is a true experience.

Through visualizing, ____ are practicing for reality.

In addition to changing a hypothesis by being more specific about which amounts of one variable had what effect, you can change a hypothesis by being more specific about which aspect of a variable ____ what effect.

Thus, if your hypothesis involves a general construct, you ____ be able to improve your hypothesis by breaking that multidimensional construct down into its individual dimensions and then making hypotheses involving those individual components.

For example, rather than hypothesizing that love will ____ over time, you might hypothesize that certain aspects of love (commitment, intimacy) will increase over time, whereas other parts (passionate love) will not.

Similarly, rather than saying that stress will interfere with memory, you might try to ____ what part of memory is most affected by stress.

Is it ____, rehearsal, organization, or retrieval?

The component strategy has paid off for ____ psychologists who have broken down prejudice into its conscious and unconscious dimensions and for personality psychologists who have broken down global (overall) self-esteem into different types (body self-esteem, academic self-esteem, social self-esteem, etc.).

Most organizations and leaders get ____ trouble in the implementation phase of the leadership process.

With self-serving leaders at the helm, the traditional ____ pyramid is kept alive and well.

When that happens, who do people think they work for? The people ____ them.

The ____ you think you work for the person above you for implementation, you are assuming that person — your boss — is responsible and your job is being responsive to that boss and to his or her whims or wishes.

Now “boss watching” becomes a popular sport and ____ get promoted on their upward-influencing skills.

As a result, all the ____ of the organization is moving up the hierarchy, away from customers and the frontline folks who are closest to the action.

What you ____ is a duck pond. When there is a conflict between what the customers want and what the boss wants, the boss wins.

You have people quacking ____ ducks: “It’s our policy.” “I just work here.” “Would you like me to get my supervisor?”