2026수능특강 영독연 1강 변형문제 (7~12번)

The primary goal of ____ is to determine the extent to which an observed relationship generalizes across different tests of the research hypothesis.

However, just because a finding does not generalize does not mean it ____ not interesting or important. Indeed, science proceeds by discovering limiting conditions for previously demonstrated relationships.

Few relationships hold ____ all settings and for all people.

____ theories are modified over time as more information about their limitations is discovered.

As an example, one of the interesting questions in research investigating the effects of exposure to violent ____ on aggression concerns the fact that although it is well known that the viewing of violence tends to increase aggression on average, this does not happen for all people.

So it is extremely important to conduct participant replications to determine which people ____ and which will not, be influenced by exposure to violent material.

One might ____ why having a conversation on a mobile phone while driving is so much more disruptive than, for example, having a conversation with a passenger in the car.

A likely reason is the loss of control over the situation when ____ a mobile phone conversation.

A passenger in the car will pick up from non-verbal cues ____ the driver needs to concentrate on the main task of driving at times when the latter becomes tricky.

A remote interlocutor is much less likely to pick ____ these cues and therefore will continue to make cognitively demanding conversation at a time when the secondary task needs to be shut down to devote resources to the main driving task.

A cognitively demanding conversation, especially one over which the driver has little or no control in terms of dynamically adjusting his or her allocation of cognitive resources, ____ to interfere with computation of speeds, distances and widths as required by the driving task, probably as a result of diminished attention to sensory inputs.

Use of a mobile phone also demands other secondary tasks, such as inputting of a telephone number on the keypad, which would also ____ to interfere with the main driving task.

Firms often ____ goods or services for convenience or marketing purposes.

Shoe ____ could sell lefts and rights separately but nearly all consumers would rather buy the bundle.

Bundling can also help sellers ____ higher profits when consumers have imperfectly correlated preferences for related goods.

For example, cable television services usually offer a wide range of programming, including channels that specialize ____ sports, food, drama, and news.

____ services could allow their customers to purchase channels “a la carte” — sports fans could purchase just the sports channels, and so forth.

But cable services instead set a single bundled price that is ____ too much more than individual a la carte prices.

(For example, the price for the “sports +food +drama +news” bundle is not much more than the price the service would charge for ____ sports package alone.)

Since ____ cable service has essentially zero marginal cost of selling the bundle, this practice helps increase its profits.

Many studies have shown that the brain cannot recognize the difference between a well-imagined experience and ____ real thing.

Try this experiment. Imagine that you have ____ beautiful juicy yellow lemon in your hand.

Imagine yourself slicing the lemon in half and looking ____ the juicy circle of the lemon.

Now, imagine ____ biting into the lemon.

If you are ____ many people, you begin to salivate.

You may ____ some tightness in your throat from the sourness.

But you can see that since there is no real lemon, you are having a physiological reaction to an imagined ____

So, too, with organizing; the more vividly you can imagine arriving on time in a calm, relaxed fashion, the more your body receives signals from your brain ____ it is a true experience.

Through visualizing, you are practicing ____ reality.

In addition to changing a hypothesis by being more specific about which amounts of one variable had what effect, ____ can change a hypothesis by being more specific about which aspect of a variable had what effect.

Thus, if your hypothesis involves a general construct, you may be able to improve your hypothesis by breaking that multidimensional construct down into its ____ dimensions and then making hypotheses involving those individual components.

For example, rather than hypothesizing that love will increase over time, you might hypothesize that ____ aspects of love (commitment, intimacy) will increase over time, whereas other parts (passionate love) will not.

Similarly, rather ____ saying that stress will interfere with memory, you might try to find what part of memory is most affected by stress.

Is it ____ rehearsal, organization, or retrieval?

The component strategy ____ paid off for social psychologists who have broken down prejudice into its conscious and unconscious dimensions and for personality psychologists who have broken down global (overall) self-esteem into different types (body self-esteem, academic self-esteem, social self-esteem, etc.).

Most organizations and leaders get ____ trouble in the implementation phase of the leadership process.

With self-serving leaders at the ____ the traditional hierarchical pyramid is kept alive and well.

When that ____ who do people think they work for? The people above them.

The minute you think you work for the person above you for implementation, you are assuming that person — your boss — ____ responsible and your job is being responsive to that boss and to his or her whims or wishes.

Now “boss watching” becomes a popular sport and people get promoted on ____ upward-influencing skills.

As a result, all the energy of the organization ____ moving up the hierarchy, away from customers and the frontline folks who are closest to the action.

What you get is a duck pond. When there is a conflict between what the customers want and what ____ boss wants, the boss wins.

You have people quacking like ducks: “It’s our policy.” “I just work here.” ____ you like me to get my supervisor?”