2026 수능완성 영어 4강 변형

There are good reasons why open-office ____ have gained currency, but open offices may not be the plan of choice for all times.

Instead, the right plan seems to be building a ____ of change.

Overly rigid habits and conventions, no matter how well-considered or well-intentioned, ____ innovation.

The crucial take-away ____ analyzing office plans over time is that the answers keep changing.

It might seem that there is a straight ____ of progress, but it’s a myth.

Surveying ____ spaces from the past eighty years, one can see a cycle that repeats.

Comparing the offices of the ____ with contemporary office spaces shows that they have circled back around to essentially the same style, via a period in the 1980s when partitions and cubicles were more the norm.

The technologies and colors may differ, but the 1940s and 2000s plans are alike, right down to the pillars running down the ____.

One reason why we are not all sitting in a cold and ____ cave right now is that progress makes us happy.

Joy often comes ____ perceiving yourself as moving forward, changing, learning, and evolving.

Consider research ____ in London by two neuroscientists, Bastien Blain and Robb Rutledge.

They had volunteers report their feelings every few minutes while ____ a new game.

They found that the volunteers were happiest ____ when they gained the highest amount of money in the game (although that did make them happy too), but when they learned about the game.

Learning contributed more to happiness than ____.

You habituate to ____ — a fancy car, a large-screen TV — but you don’t habituate to the joy of learning because learning by definition is change.

One cannot habituate to ____.

In Oscar Wilde’s Importance of Being Earnest, Ernest ____ tells his love interest, Gwendolen Fairfax, that she is perfect.

She replies, “Oh! I hope I am not that. It would ____ no room for developments, and I intend to develop in many directions.”

Over the course of human history, researchers have discovered that humans’ early ____ were not able to use verbal language.

In fact, verbal language likely began with Homo sapiens, although some scholars have noted that ____ structures in Neanderthals may have allowed for complex sound to be vocalized.

However, primates of ____ sorts are able to live in community and share the division of labor, including caring for children and sharing food that has been hunted or gathered.

How did such interactions occur if verbal ____ wasn’t a part of the lives of our early ancestors?

Nonverbal communication like grunts or slight vocalizations was likely the early auditory form of communication, and facial expressions or gestures may have indicated important things ____ danger or social position or even the presence of spoiled meat.

The idea that nonverbal communication came first over the course of our species’ evolution is known as phylogenetic primacy, highlighting that our nonhuman ancestors had likely figured out social signaling before ____ existed in our current form.

Why are we so sensitive to negative information and ____?

Well, it seems to have offered a survival advantage for early humans, when the threat of rejection from the tribe could mean ____.

This left us disproportionately sensitive to threats, even the ____ interpersonal threat of looking bad in the eyes of others.

Today, many of the interpersonal threats we detect in our day-to-day lives are not ____ harmful, but we’re hardwired to react, even overreact, to them.

We also suffer from what celebrated psychologist Daniel Kahneman called “loss aversion” — a tendency to overweigh losses (of money, possessions, or even social ____) compared to equivalent wins.

In one study, participants were ____ a coffee mug and later offered the chance to sell it.

To part with their mug, participants had to be given twice as ____ in compensation as the amount they were willing to pay to acquire the mug. Irrational, yes.

And profoundly ____. We don’t want to lose; we don’t want to fail.

The pain of failing, even in simple activities, is more emotionally salient ____ the pleasure of succeeding.

Discovering what happens in the brain when we are captivated by beautiful objects ____ completely solve the question of why the objects are beautiful.

To address the why question, we turn to evolutionary ____.

The basic idea of evolutionary ____ is that our mental abilities, like our physical traits, evolved if they enhanced our survival.

Our ancestors from a distant past adapted certain behavioral traits to survive tough ____ and to choose partners that would give them healthy children.

When it comes to beauty in people, certain physical features of faces and bodies advertised a ____ health.

These features, which were important in choosing a mate tens of thousands of years ago, are what we now ____ as beautiful.

When it comes to beauty in scenes, some places were ____ inviting to our hunter-gatherer ancestors wandering around in the distant past.

These scenes looked ____ safe and rich in resources that would help small bands survive a life that was tough, brutish, and a long time ago.

Obviously, not all habits constitute knowledge because not all habits are acquired with ____, regulatory, or manipulative intent.

In fact, many habits emerge from the casual reinforcement of random associations that are not ____ of a learning plan.

Although agents may not be entirely aware of all the associations between habitual actions and their context of execution, a minimal layer of pragmatic expectations is always attached to habitual ____.

There is no assurance that habits developed unintentionally are advantageous for agents because there is no guarantee that such ____ would effectively carry out expert tasks.

For ____, vices are blind, harmful, and largely compulsive behaviors, often called “bad habits.”

In sport, we find kinematic and biomechanical inefficiencies, acquired early in development, that become ____ in such fashion, for example, cyclists who significantly sway their shoulders trying to increase pedalling power rather than minimizing unnecessary upper body movements.

Habits do not ____ support goal-oriented tasks nor are all habits learned for a specific purpose; hence it is correct to state that not all sensorimotor habits convey practical knowledge.