2026 수특 영독연 8강 변형문제 (7~12번)

Designers use diagrams, pictures, and simple illustrations to explain their work, whether it is how to turn the power on or off in a ____ or how to use a DNA synthesizer or even a washing machine.

Designers understand the need to test their efforts on the people for ____ they are intended.

____, the tests reveal problems, places where people do not understand, are confused, or, worse, could make serious errors in their use of the device under consideration:

perhaps losing all of their work and, in the case of machinery or ____ devices, perhaps leading to accidents or serious injuries.

The reason for this early testing is to find design flaws before the product is released, allowing the ____ to be corrected.

In design, especially the ____ of procedures that goes under the general label human-centered design, multiple iterations of the design are constructed and tested.

Each new iteration — that is, ____ modification of the design — is guided by the results of tests.

It is interesting to note that all inquiries were once a part of philosophy, that great mother of the sciences (mater scientiarum), and philosophy embraced them ____ in an undifferentiated and amorphous fashion.

However, as Western civilisation developed, various ____ began to pursue separate and independent courses.

____ and physics were among the first to break away, and were followed thereafter by chemistry, biology and geology.

In the nineteenth century, two new sciences appeared: ____ (the science of human behaviour) and sociology (the science of human society).

Thus, what had once been natural philosophy became the science of physics; what had been mental philosophy, or the philosophy of mind, became the science of ____; and what had once been social philosophy, or the philosophy of history, became the science of sociology.

To the ancient mother, philosophy, still belong several important kinds of enquiries — notably ____, logic, ethics and aesthetics — but the sciences themselves are no longer studied as subdivisions of philosophy.

Suppose that people’s aspirations ____ as they get more money.

When you live in a student dorm, you may aspire to have your ____ apartment, even if small.

When you live in a small apartment, you may aspire to live in a ____ one.

When you ____ in a bigger apartment, you may aspire to live in your own property.

And so on: the more you have, the more ____ expect — and maybe the more you think you deserve.

If so, the beneficial happiness effect of getting more money will be offset (at least partially) by the harmful ____ on happiness of rising aspirations.

Behavioural economists call this phenomenon the ____ treadmill.

The ____ idea is ancient.

The Stoic philosopher Seneca diagnosed the problem some ____ years ago.

He wrote: ‘Excessive prosperity does indeed create greed in men, and never are desires so well controlled that they vanish once ____.’

Humanity has entered a new era. We are now living in a world that is increasingly wired by billions of predictive ____, a world in which almost everything can be predicted and risk and uncertainty appear to be diminishing in almost all areas of life.

We are living longer, thanks to advances in health care and ____ medicine.

We have a greater mastery of the physical world that allows us to dream of, and build, new technologies that allow us to explore other planets and visualize billions of ____.

We can model markets, disease, and traffic with increasingly greater precision, and we’re getting very close to handing over the keys to the car so it can ____ itself.

Even more striking, our tools may be revealing the genesis of some elusive and stubborn complexities of human behavior, and algorithms are ____ being used to alter people’s behavior.

Predictive algorithms have changed the world, and all the worlds to come, and there is no ____ back.

It is worth ____ that the progress in man’s understanding about the physical aspects of his environment occurred much earlier in comparison to the social aspects.

The main reason for this discrepancy in the development of man’s understanding of the two distinct environments — the physical and the social — probably lies in the ____ observability and control of physical phenomena, as well as in the impersonal approach that they afford.

Physical phenomena are usually more concrete than ____ phenomena and hence are more observable.

Samuel Koenig states that in his attempt to observe physical phenomena man was able quite early to develop a measure of detachment, but he found it ____ difficult to do so regarding social phenomena.

In the ____ case he found himself too close to the object of investigation, too involved in it, to achieve the objectivity which is indispensable to all science.

When computers process in time, we typically want them to also work in real ____.

For example, if you set up a microphone with a reverb effect for a ____, you would like it to work both in time and in real time.

However, if you just want to add reverb to a prerecorded song, it does not ____ when or how fast it happens.

You may probably ____ that the computer does the processing “faster than real time.”

If the computer can process a three-minute sound file in seven seconds, it is unnecessary to wait three minutes to finish its ____.

You may also happen to have a computationally heavy reverb model that runs “slower than ____ time.”

For a producer working in a ____, it is not crucial whether a process runs in real time.

For a performer on stage, ____, there is no other option than running in real-time mode.

The concert is ____ in the “now,” hence the tools used need to run both in time and in real time.