2027 수능특강 영독연 7강 변형문제

Week 4 제7강

Exercise 1 녹색 소비자의 특성

Green consumers, compared with non-green consumers, prefer purchasing ____ products over the standard alternatives available.

Green consumers believe that they are guided by their internal control and open-mindedness, ____ they would not leave the responsibilities of protecting the environment to governments, business communities, environmentalists or scientists.

Green consumers are ordinary ____ who think that business operations have a vital role in fighting to protect environment in general.

Moreover, these consumers believe that an individual's consumption makes a difference ____ environmental issues.

When green consumers demand products and services, firms combine environmental and social costs of their production and ____

They also ____ green management and green marketing practices by creating job opportunities in green consumption.

____ it could be said that green consumers are individuals targeting sustainability by using their purchasing power.


Exercise 2 잘못된 학습 조언

What students are advised to ____ is often plain wrong.

For instance, study tips published on a website at George Mason University include this advice: "The key to learning something ____ is repetition; the more times you go over the material, the better chance you have of storing it permanently."

Another, from a Dartmouth College website, suggests: ____ you intend to remember something, you probably will."

A public service piece that runs occasionally in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch offering study advice shows a ____ with his nose buried in a book.

"Concentrate," the ____ reads.

"Focus on one thing and one thing ____

Repeat, ____ repeat!

Repeating what you have ____ remember can help burn it into your memory."

Belief in the power of rereading, intentionality, and repetition is pervasive, but the truth is you usually can't embed something in memory simply by repeating it ____ and over.

This tactic might work when looking up a phone number and holding it in your mind while punching it into your phone, but it doesn't ____ for durable learning.


Exercise 3 미국 교육자의 백인 우월주의

American educators saw Asian American parenting as deviant and, correspondingly, felt white middle class parents and kids set an appropriate standard that ____ should conform to.

For ____ when white children outperform minority students, teachers rarely see it as "academic bullying" or express sympathy about minorities' "emotional well-being."

Similarly, educators do not create pathological rationales for ____ weaker performance relative to Asian Americans, as happens for minorities relative to whites.

Whites are not expected to emulate those who achieve more (i.e., toward Asian Americans), whereas black and Latinx youths are ____ toward whites).

Also, teachers, predominantly white, reinforce a "hidden curriculum" that is, informal ____ for what constitutes proper behavior, dress, attitudes, and discipline in schools.

Racial inequalities arise even in integrated and reasonably ____ schools.

Educators make significant efforts to address the learning gaps facing minority youths but do not disrupt the white supremacy embedded in standard ____

The taken-for-granted assumption that white students' practices are "normal" contributes ____ why Asian Americans are framed as "deviant" and "a problem."


Exercise 4 해양 플라스틱 오염

Marine ____ pollution is a complex problem that occurs on many levels, as it presents physical, chemical, and biological implications for marine compartments at small scales while involving vast geographic domains.

To counteract what can be regarded as a planetary boundary threat, we need tailored instruments to provide various ____ of knowledge in an accessible manner.

To this end, laboratory experiments and observations are indeed fundamental to capture specific aspects ____ plastic and plastic-related pollution; yet this zoo of data is still insufficient to provide a holistic description of this pervasive phenomenon.

Quantitative methods can link and exploit our current understanding ____ the different processes and complex interaction characterizing marine plastic pollution to ultimately help to shed some light on aspects that are hard to investigate in the field.

Actions against ____ pollution have to be timely, bold, and knowledge-based.

In this ____ comprehensive, data-informed approaches can help not only to identify and protect the mechanisms that interconnect marine ecosystems but also to understand the processes and synergies that are disrupting them.


Exercise 5 디지털 형식이 불법 복제에 미치는 영향

One factor that influences the publisher and the bookstore's ____ to sell materials is piracy, which refers to the unauthorized copying, distribution, or use of copyrighted content.

This is hardly a recent phenomenon, as copyright law dates back to 1709 during the reign of Britain's ____ Anne.

____ digital formats make piracy easier whether texts are appropriated for personal use or sold for a fraction of their retail cost.

Individuals who would be mortified at the idea of shoplifting a print copy of a bestseller often think ____ of reading an online version that may have been pirated.

As with any retail business, book ____ will continue to fend off piracy with evolving digital safeguards and to estimate and write off losses where these fail.


Exercise 6 사진 속 현실이 가진 중립성

Photography battles with ____ fantasy that it captures a neutral view of reality without modifying it.

Susan Sontag refers to an official use of the printed photograph that passes for ____ proof that a given thing happened.

However, she states her opinion that 'photographs are as much an interpretation of the world as ____ and drawings'.

Additionally, the art of dodging and burning during the transfer from negative to print was well established before Photoshop and ____ photography.

Ansel Adams is known for spending many hours in the darkroom developing a single print and he also said, 'dodging and burning are steps ____ take care of mistakes God made in establishing tonal relationships'.

However, digital images ____ to be one more step removed from reality.

While the negative in print photography is still an image, the file of a digital image is comprised of bits ― computerized 1's and 0's ― that are not an image until ____ and displayed by a combination of software and an electronic display device.


Exercise 7 게이트 키핑의 개념

In a hypothetical situation, a local college's athletic department might send a press release to the media informing them about three events happening on campus tomorrow: a women's soccer game, a track and field event, and a ____ drive sponsored by the men's tennis team.

The newspaper elects to ____ only a story previewing the women's soccer game and ignores both the track and field event and the blood drive.

Therefore, readers who use that newspaper as their only source of local information might have no idea that either the track and field event ____ the blood drive is happening.

There are multiple events happening at the college, and it was not the readers who decided what was ____ ― the newspaper's editors decided for them.

Situations like ____ one occur all the time in newsrooms across the world and perfectly demonstrate the concept of gatekeeping.


Exercise 8 직업 분화와 조합의 형성

As civilizations started to grow and ____ people found they could accomplish more with less effort if they specialized and divided their work into separate designations.

____ for example, the work of brick-making was conducted separately from the work of ship-building ― just as the work of laying roads was separate from the work of farming, which was separate from the work of building dwellings or making pots.

Each line of ____ was its own distinct activity, carried out by distinct practitioners who developed their work into an institution of sorts.

As civilization continued to ____ differentiated forms of work became more sophisticated, more specialized, and more communal.

In ____ Rome, they became formalized with the creation of what were called collegia, or professional associations.

____ was, for example, a college of woodworkers, a college of merchant mariners, a college of wine dealers, and a college of planters.

In ancient China, ____ similar system developed.

By the Middle Ages, guilds, a ____ type of organization, had taken hold throughout much of Europe.


Exercise 9 동물 심리학자와 행동주의 심리학

No one has objected so strenuously to defining psychology as the science of consciousness, and ____ it to consciousness, as the group of animal psychologists.

By energetic work, they had proved that the animal was a very good subject for psychological ____ and had discovered much that was important regarding instinct and learning in animals.

But from the nature of the case, they could not observe the consciousness of animals; they could only observe their behavior, that is to say, the motor (and in some cases glandular) activities of the ____ under known conditions.

When then the animal psychologists were warned by the mighty ones in the science that they must interpret their results in terms of consciousness or not call themselves psychologists any longer, they rebelled; and some of the best fighters among them took the offensive, by insisting that human psychology, no less than animal, was properly a study of behavior, and that it had been a great mistake ____ to define it as the science of consciousness.


Exercise 10 도시 농업의 잠재력과 식물원의 역할

While many studies have described the potential benefits of urban agriculture, there is a need for more research that measures the impact of urban agriculture on food access, nutrition, and income generation; explores the potential of urban agriculture to alleviate global challenges such as climate change and biodiversity loss; and suggests ways to maximize the benefits of urban agriculture ____ relation to these issues.

Botanical gardens can use emerging research in these areas to inform programmatic ____

In addition, researchers ____ exploring growing practices that can maximize production in urban spaces.

Botanical gardens may be able to contribute to this work as well as play a role in educating urban gardeners and farmers about recommended practices for their regions, particularly in the midst of a changing global ____

Finally, botanical gardens can benefit by sharing urban agriculture resources and approaches with one another, including lessons learned in program design, site design and ____ and partnership development to promote effective community engagement.


Exercise 11 식민지 노동과 노예제 배상이 초래한 세계적 불평등

Colonial labour regimes worsened global human inequality ____ two ways.

First, they depressed payments to workers in the colonies, enabling ____ production of comparatively and historically cheap products that nonetheless were highly profitable for the companies of the metropolitan colonizers.

This sustained rising profits and the emergence of great fortunes in ____ industry and finance in the metropole.

Second, when enslaved peoples were freed, enslavers ____ fully compensated for their loss of "property" based upon the "market value" of the enslaved people at the time.

In the case of Haiti, this compensation was paid by the newly independent country to the French elite, lumbering Haiti with a fiscal debt that shaped the continuing underdevelopment of the country into the ____ century.

In the case of Britain, this compensation was paid by lower- and middle-class taxpayers in Britain over a very long ____ of time, transferring money to those who had already benefited from enslavement for decades.


Exercise 12 아침형 · 저녁형 인간

____ can use your days off to figure out whether you are a morning person or a night person.

Even though the alarm clock doesn't go off on weekends, some ____ still merrily leap out of bed.

Others pull their pillows over their heads, relieved that for once they won't be torn out of their ____ in the middle of the night; they can nod off again with visions of breakfast in bed at noon.

The natural differences between these types are enormous: If there were no outside constraints and people could be left to their own devices, some would not go to bed until the others were ____ awake for the next day.

Oscar ____ enjoyed flaunting his night-owl status.

When an acquaintance asked the Irish writer whether ____ could visit him at nine o'clock, Wilde replied,

"You are a remarkable man! I could ____ stay awake as long as that. I am always in bed by five o'clock!"


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