2027 수특 영독연 4강 문장별 빈칸 넣기

In the probabilistic view, the typical exemplars or category members are recognized more quickly because they share more features with other ____ members.

In a sense, the typical category member is ____ to the centre of the category.

And a similar effect might be observed with ____ exceptional category members.

A very atypical member of a category (like bats as atypical mammals, or even as atypical birds if your category for "bird" is based on observable features) is ____ an outlier.

It really is ____ case that the bat is a lousy member of the mammal category.

It looks ____ a bird, acts like a bird, and cannot see very well.

A probabilistic categorization system would assume ____ bats will be misclassified and will present people with some difficulty.

It is plausible that our own inability ____ classify them readily corresponds to the fact that bats are often feared.

Perhaps we fear bats because they do not fit into a simple, basic category ____ easily.

Central to ____ notion of brilliant leadership is the critical linkage between empathy and authenticity.

While leaders may act on the premise that sensitivity to employee ____ is helpful in achieving organizational goals, brilliant leaders believe that empathy has value in its own right.

In this regard, empathy is less a means to an ____ (e.g., profiting) but rather is consistent with Kant's notion of "Character," which underscores truthfulness as a core element of virtue.

From a stakeholder perspective, particularly employees, brilliant leaders would be seen as behaving in ways that reveal a ____ of motives.

Guided by the deontologically-based philosophical guidepost, "We should do our duty for no other reason than because it's the ____ thing to do," the brilliant leader's empathetic conduct is derived less from strategic or tactical interests than it is from one's personal sense of integrity.

____ then, is a defining feature of authenticity: it frames empathy as values-driven rather than outcome-driven.

Language is socially constructed; over time our cultural collectives agreed upon various abstract symbols and sounds to represent objects, people, places, and ____

Conversely, basic emotions are biologically constructed; over time evolution repeatedly crafted ____ to important life situations ― which we later associated with symbols, words, and phrases.

The presence of a unique emotion word in one culture does not imply the presence of unique ____ or unique phenomenology for a special emotion found only in that culture.

Similarly, the absence of a specific basic emotion ____ in one culture does not imply the absence of analogous basic emotion circuitry.

Emotions and language are parallel processes that can inform and provide ____ about one another, but ultimately cannot guarantee the existence of one another.

An example of this is in Robert Levy's ____ work in Tahiti, where he found that Tahitians had no words for "grief" and "sadness."

Nevertheless, they experienced a "sick, strange" feeling when processing the loss of a loved ____

There are some pretty big lifestyle changes ____ can choose to make if you want to help the planet.

For instance, you could follow a plant-based diet, or you could pledge to go ____

If you're surrounded by people who are making these drastic changes, you might feel pressured into following suit: you might feel that if ____ don't make these changes, your efforts to save the planet are inadequate.

Despite ____ you might hear, a plant-based diet or zero-waste living is not necessarily an all-or-nothing venture.

Reducing your meat and dairy intake a little is better than not doing so at all; buying fruit, veg and grains loose when you can is better than ____ buying them wrapped in plastic.

The fact is, you don't have to follow a vegan or a zero-waste lifestyle ____ to make a difference.

Making little changes where you can and how you can is ____ truly counts.

When income rises, so ____ the quantity demanded.

When ____ falls, so will demand.

However, if your income doubles, you would not always buy twice ____ much of a particular good or service.

For example, there are only so many tubs of ice cream you would want to eat, no matter how wealthy you ____

This is ____ example of "marginal utility."

Marginal utility is the concept that each ____ of a good or service is a little less useful to you than the first.

At some point, you will not ____ it anymore, and the marginal utility drops to zero.

____ can see that professional team sports contradict this assumption.

Fans (consumers) often want ____ games to watch.

We have seen this example play out in recent years in relation to the number of sport matches on live television increasing and through the advents of new competitions or formats of the game (e.g., ____ cricket) or expansions of league reforms to fit in additional fixtures (e.g., UEFA Champions League reforms for 2024).

Among the attempts ____ resist fast fashion are consumer movements to make more informed, ethical decisions as they purchase, use, and repair their clothing.

The "slow fashion" movement, for example, encourages buying fewer clothes of higher quality and wearing them longer, purchasing clothes produced (or at least sold) locally, and thinking critically about the ____ and environmental conditions surrounding their production and distribution.

____ consumers have become more active in producing (sewing or knitting) and repairing their own clothing.

The design historian Fiona Hackney ____ to the "quiet activism" of everyday making.

She argues for "the ____ of a new, historically conscious, socially engaged amateur practice."

This practice represents a return to the intimate connection of production ____ with consumption (use, wear) before the industrialization of fibers, textiles, and apparel.

Industrialization ____ the production-consumption dynamic in at least two ways: Factory-made, store-bought clothes were more detached from consumer-made ones, and they also tended to be less expensive.

Prior to industrialization, only wealthy people could afford a closet ____ many garments.

Among working-class people, formal clothes were often prized possessions ____ were included in wills.

Grice, a British philosopher of language, proposed that, in addition to communicative meaning, there is another kind of meaning, which he referred ____ as natural meaning, characterized by 'things' that have meaning regardless of whether there is any communicative intention on anyone's part.

For example, I have learned that ____ means danger.

Thus, if I find ____ box of dynamite in my garage, dynamite is/means danger to me and I am going to be frightened.

To recognize the danger, it is not necessary for me to recognize that someone intentionally placed the dynamite there with the intention of getting me to recognize that dynamite is dangerous; that is, it is ____ necessary that I recognize any communicative intention behind the box being there to recognize danger.

And, further, even if the dynamite had been put there with ____ intention of getting me to recognize I was in danger, it would not be necessary for me to recognize that in order to feel in danger.

____ put, the word 'dynamite' on a box means danger whether or not anyone intended to have me recognize that meaning.

Scientific progress is measured not only by an increase in understanding but by ____ increase in control over nature and redirection of nature's course.

"The contemplative ideal of scientific investigations for their own sake has been replaced in modern times," Wieland comments, "by the practical ideal of scientific research ____ the service of humanity."

The natural course of things once presented and still presents threats to human welfare: people went and still go hungry, die in infancy ____ early adulthood, and face natural disasters.

But not all control and ____ add to human welfare.

Medical technology, based on science, has lengthened the number of years ____ beings suffer from chronic diseases, condemning them to lonely, bedridden existences.

End-of-life treatments, which prove medical innovation and ____ can sustain life, but not living.

The illustrious medical journal The ____ reports frequently on the "sea of suffering" in aging populations.

In the process of discovering what animals want to do, a knowledge of the ____ or normal behavioural repertoire of a species is a vital step in understanding what is good for their welfare.

It draws our attention ____ the differences between wild and captive members of that species and therefore makes us aware of the possible behaviours that the captive ones might want to do.

It does not say that they will necessarily want to do them just because they are ____ but it provides obvious candidates to be tested.

The ____ that the jungle fowl ancestors of our domestic chickens always roost in trees at night, for example, highlights the possible importance of roosting to modern breeds.

It does not tell us that all modern chickens still definitely want ____ roost, but it provides a very plausible hypothesis that this might be important to them.

Such a hypothesis can then ____ tested by investigating whether modern chickens still want to roost (they do).

Inevitably, the world of electoral systems is crowded and complex and becoming more so all the time: one country's electoral system is never the same as another's (although in some cases the differences ____ quite small).

Given the range of variations among the different electoral systems, this makes life quite difficult for the analyst seeking to produce an ____ typology.

One option might be to simply base a classification of the systems in terms of their outputs, that is, with reference to the process of translating votes into seats where one distinguishes between those systems ____ have 'proportional' outcomes and those with 'non-proportional' outcomes.

The ____ of proportional systems is to ensure that the number of seats each party wins reflects as closely as possible the number of votes it has received.

____ non-proportional systems, by contrast, greater importance is attached to ensuring that one party has a clear majority of seats over its competitors, thereby (hopefully) increasing the prospect of a strong and stable government.

Melodies are defined not by the absolute value of each pitch, but ____ the pattern or relation of successive pitches across time; most people have no trouble recognizing a melody that is played in a higher or lower key than they've heard it in before.

In fact, ____ melodies do not have a "correct" starting pitch; they just float freely in space, starting anywhere.

"Happy Birthday" is ____ example of this.

One way to think about a melody, then, is as an abstract prototype that ____ derived from specific combinations of key, tempo, instrumentation, and so on.

A cognitive psychologist ____ say that a melody is an auditory object that maintains its identity in spite of transformations, just as a chair maintains its identity when you move it to the other room, turn it upside down, or paint it red.

So, for example, if you hear a song played louder than you are accustomed to, ____ still identify it as the same song.

The same ____ for changes in the absolute pitch values of the song, which can be changed so long as the relative distances between them remain the same.

The Dutch news site De Correspondent was ____ with the idea of incorporating active readers from the start.

Jay Rosen, the NYU professor who became an adviser to the organisation, explained how the journalists were expected to have a radically different ____ with the reader than in traditional media.

'Expectations are that writers ____ continuously share what they are working on with the people who follow them and read their stuff.

They will pose questions and post call-outs as they launch new projects: what they want to find out, the expertise they are going to need to do this right, any sort ____ help they want from readers.

Sometimes ____ are the project.

Writers also manage the discussion threads which are not called comments but contributions ― in order to highlight ____ best additions and pull useful material into the next version of an ongoing story.'

Some of these ____ techniques have been used by journalists on more mainstream papers, notably David Fahrenthold of the Washington Post.