2027 수특 영독연 4강 문장별 빈칸 넣기

In the probabilistic view, the typical exemplars or ____ members are recognized more quickly because they share more features with other category members.

In a sense, the typical ____ member is closer to the centre of the category.

And a similar effect ____ be observed with the exceptional category members.

A very atypical member of a category (like bats as atypical mammals, or even as atypical birds if your category for "bird" is based on observable features) is ____ an outlier.

It really ____ the case that the bat is a lousy member of the mammal category.

It ____ like a bird, acts like a bird, and cannot see very well.

A probabilistic categorization system would assume that bats will be misclassified and ____ present people with some difficulty.

It is plausible that our own inability to classify them readily corresponds to the fact that bats are often ____

Perhaps we fear bats ____ they do not fit into a simple, basic category very easily.

Central to the notion of brilliant ____ is the critical linkage between empathy and authenticity.

While leaders may act on the premise that sensitivity to employee concerns is helpful in achieving organizational goals, brilliant leaders believe that empathy ____ value in its own right.

In this regard, ____ is less a means to an end (e.g., profiting) but rather is consistent with Kant's notion of "Character," which underscores truthfulness as a core element of virtue.

From a stakeholder perspective, particularly ____ brilliant leaders would be seen as behaving in ways that reveal a genuineness of motives.

Guided by the deontologically-based philosophical guidepost, "We should do our duty ____ no other reason than because it's the right thing to do," the brilliant leader's empathetic conduct is derived less from strategic or tactical interests than it is from one's personal sense of integrity.

That, then, is a defining feature of authenticity: it frames ____ as values-driven rather than outcome-driven.

Language is socially constructed; over time our cultural collectives agreed upon various abstract symbols and sounds to ____ objects, people, places, and experiences.

Conversely, basic emotions are biologically constructed; over time evolution repeatedly crafted responses to important ____ situations ― which we later associated with symbols, words, and phrases.

The presence of a unique emotion word in one culture does not imply the presence of unique circuitry or unique phenomenology for a special emotion found only ____ that culture.

____ the absence of a specific basic emotion word in one culture does not imply the absence of analogous basic emotion circuitry.

Emotions and language are parallel processes that can inform and provide context about one another, but ultimately cannot guarantee the ____ of one another.

An example of this is in Robert Levy's pioneering work in Tahiti, where he found that ____ had no words for "grief" and "sadness."

____ they experienced a "sick, strange" feeling when processing the loss of a loved one.

There are some pretty big lifestyle changes you can choose ____ make if you want to help the planet.

For instance, you could follow a plant-based diet, or you could ____ to go zero-waste.

If you're surrounded by people who are making these drastic changes, you might feel pressured into following suit: you might feel that ____ you don't make these changes, your efforts to save the planet are inadequate.

Despite what you might hear, a plant-based diet or zero-waste ____ is not necessarily an all-or-nothing venture.

Reducing your meat and dairy intake a little is better than not doing so at all; buying fruit, veg and grains loose when you ____ is better than always buying them wrapped in plastic.

The fact is, you don't have to follow a vegan ____ a zero-waste lifestyle perfectly to make a difference.

Making little changes where you can and ____ you can is what truly counts.

When income rises, so will ____ quantity demanded.

When income falls, ____ will demand.

However, if your income doubles, you would not always buy twice as much of a particular ____ or service.

For example, there are only so many tubs of ice cream you would want to eat, no matter ____ wealthy you are.

This is an example of ____ utility."

Marginal utility is the concept ____ each unit of a good or service is a little less useful to you than the first.

At some point, you will not want it anymore, and the ____ utility drops to zero.

____ can see that professional team sports contradict this assumption.

Fans ____ often want more games to watch.

We have seen this example play out in recent years in relation to the number of sport matches on live television increasing and through the advents of new competitions or formats of the game (e.g., ____ cricket) or expansions of league reforms to fit in additional fixtures (e.g., UEFA Champions League reforms for 2024).

Among the attempts ____ resist fast fashion are consumer movements to make more informed, ethical decisions as they purchase, use, and repair their clothing.

The "slow fashion" movement, for example, encourages buying fewer clothes of higher quality and wearing them longer, purchasing clothes produced (or at least ____ locally, and thinking critically about the labor and environmental conditions surrounding their production and distribution.

Some consumers have become more active in ____ (sewing or knitting) and repairing their own clothing.

The design historian Fiona Hackney refers to the ____ activism" of everyday making.

She argues ____ "the emergence of a new, historically conscious, socially engaged amateur practice."

This practice represents a return to the intimate connection ____ production (making) with consumption (use, wear) before the industrialization of fibers, textiles, and apparel.

Industrialization changed the production-consumption dynamic in at least two ways: Factory-made, store-bought clothes were more ____ from consumer-made ones, and they also tended to be less expensive.

Prior to ____ only wealthy people could afford a closet of many garments.

Among working-class people, formal clothes ____ often prized possessions that were included in wills.

Grice, a British philosopher of ____ proposed that, in addition to communicative meaning, there is another kind of meaning, which he referred to as natural meaning, characterized by 'things' that have meaning regardless of whether there is any communicative intention on anyone's part.

For example, I ____ learned that dynamite means danger.

Thus, if I find a box of dynamite in my garage, dynamite is/means danger to me and I ____ going to be frightened.

To recognize the danger, it is not necessary for me to recognize ____ someone intentionally placed the dynamite there with the intention of getting me to recognize that dynamite is dangerous; that is, it is not necessary that I recognize any communicative intention behind the box being there to recognize danger.

And, further, even if the dynamite had been ____ there with the intention of getting me to recognize I was in danger, it would not be necessary for me to recognize that in order to feel in danger.

Simply put, the word 'dynamite' on a box means danger whether or not anyone intended to have me recognize ____ meaning.

Scientific progress is measured not only ____ an increase in understanding but by an increase in control over nature and redirection of nature's course.

"The contemplative ideal of scientific investigations for their own sake has been ____ in modern times," Wieland comments, "by the practical ideal of scientific research in the service of humanity."

The natural course of things once presented and still ____ threats to human welfare: people went and still go hungry, die in infancy and early adulthood, and face natural disasters.

But not all control and redirection add ____ human welfare.

Medical technology, based on science, ____ lengthened the number of years human beings suffer from chronic diseases, condemning them to lonely, bedridden existences.

End-of-life ____ which prove medical innovation and competence, can sustain life, but not living.

The ____ medical journal The Lancet reports frequently on the "sea of suffering" in aging populations.

In the process of discovering what animals want to do, a knowledge of the natural or normal behavioural repertoire of a species ____ a vital step in understanding what is good for their welfare.

It draws our attention to the differences between wild and captive members of that species and therefore makes us aware of the possible ____ that the captive ones might want to do.

It does not say that ____ will necessarily want to do them just because they are natural but it provides obvious candidates to be tested.

The fact that the jungle fowl ancestors of our domestic chickens always roost in trees ____ night, for example, highlights the possible importance of roosting to modern breeds.

It does not tell us that all modern chickens still definitely want to roost, but it provides a very plausible hypothesis that this might be important ____ them.

Such a hypothesis can then be tested by investigating whether ____ chickens still want to roost (they do).

Inevitably, the world of electoral systems is crowded and complex and becoming more so all the time: one country's electoral ____ is never the same as another's (although in some cases the differences are quite small).

Given the range of variations among the different electoral systems, this makes life quite difficult for the analyst seeking to produce ____ acceptable typology.

One option ____ be to simply base a classification of the systems in terms of their outputs, that is, with reference to the process of translating votes into seats where one distinguishes between those systems which have 'proportional' outcomes and those with 'non-proportional' outcomes.

The essence of proportional systems is to ensure that the ____ of seats each party wins reflects as closely as possible the number of votes it has received.

____ non-proportional systems, by contrast, greater importance is attached to ensuring that one party has a clear majority of seats over its competitors, thereby (hopefully) increasing the prospect of a strong and stable government.

Melodies are defined not by the absolute value of each ____ but by the pattern or relation of successive pitches across time; most people have no trouble recognizing a melody that is played in a higher or lower key than they've heard it in before.

In fact, many melodies do not have a "correct" starting pitch; they just float freely in space, ____ anywhere.

"Happy Birthday" ____ an example of this.

One way to think about a melody, then, is as an abstract prototype that is derived from specific ____ of key, tempo, instrumentation, and so on.

A cognitive psychologist would say that a melody is an auditory object that maintains its identity in spite of transformations, just as a chair maintains its identity when you ____ it to the other room, turn it upside down, or paint it red.

So, for example, if you hear a ____ played louder than you are accustomed to, you still identify it as the same song.

The same holds for changes in the absolute pitch values of the song, which can be ____ so long as the relative distances between them remain the same.

The Dutch ____ site De Correspondent was born with the idea of incorporating active readers from the start.

Jay Rosen, the NYU professor who became an adviser to the organisation, explained how the journalists ____ expected to have a radically different relationship with the reader than in traditional media.

'Expectations are that writers will continuously share what they are working on ____ the people who follow them and read their stuff.

They will pose questions and post call-outs as they launch new projects: what they want to find out, the expertise they ____ going to need to do this right, any sort of help they want from readers.

Sometimes readers are the ____

Writers also manage the discussion threads which are not called comments but contributions ― in order to highlight the best additions and pull useful material into the next version of an ____ story.'

Some of these crowdsourcing techniques have been used by journalists on more mainstream papers, notably David Fahrenthold of the Washington ____