1강 필자의 주장·글의 요지
기출 지나친 걱정으로 인한 불필요한 고통
Our ability to respond to danger has been important for survival, so ____ worried in uncertain situations is normal.
Feelings of worry, which are activated in anticipation of future events, are often experienced in everyday ____
For example, we may feel nervous ____ unlikely events, such as a computer crashing during an important presentation.
To some extent, thinking ____ potential scenarios can be helpful.
When our worries exceed our control, however, they ____ us unnecessary suffering.
Consider how many times you have ____ sleep thinking about a terrible situation, which, in the end, did not actually take place.
If that situation ____ occurred, it only goes to show that worrying about it did nothing to prevent it from happening.
It is worth making a conscious effort, then, to stop worrying ____ about events you may not experience.
1 연구에서 획기적 발견을 낳는 능력
We like to think that breakthroughs in research are the result of a simple ____ of gathering evidence, from which we then draw logical inferences.
But this is the way the story of discovery ____ told, rather than how it actually happens.
For this, we first need the ability to analyse concepts and, out of them, create new patterns, through which we look at the world and organise our information ____ it.
Once we've revealed the pattern of ideas at the heart of ____ concept, we can then manipulate it and form new ones.
Many of the most significant breakthroughs in ____ understanding have come about not because researchers have new or better data, but because of the quality of their thinking and the type of concepts they create.
In many cases, when researchers have been faced with stubborn problems that defy solution, the answers have only finally come as a result of being able to think outside the accepted concepts and methods of ____ disciplines.
2 팀 내 팀워크 중심 문화 구축
Proactive measures for motivating teams include ____ and salary increases contingent upon 'teamwork' success.
In addition, it's ____ to continue to sweeten the pot, so to speak.
All new hires would be evaluated ____ a set of personality characteristics held in as high regard as education, experience, and technical competence.
If teams are going to be the measure of success in the organization, the existing paradigm of the 'individual' has ____ be eliminated.
I worked in one ____ that had a number of prima donnas in key areas.
I ____ never understand why these people were kept on the payroll.
No matter what technical skills these people had, they were frequently mentioned as barriers that, instead of being removed, were worked ____
People complained about the friction occurring in meetings with these people where business issues were supposed to be ____
Instead, what little teamwork might have ____ was never given a chance.
A team-centered culture cannot even begin ____ take shape with individuals such as these.
3 매체의 정의와 속성
Medium is Latin for 'in between', and a ____ can be seen as a mediator, something that enables communication across time and space.
Media ____ the material aspects of human communication.
News informs us about ____ events.
Literature can ____ existential insights.
Architecture not only ____ shelter but also communicates social power relations.
Fashion communicates ideas about the human body and about social ____
In the ____ Marshall McLuhan was already defining medium as 'any extension of man.'
____ the list of material objects that can function as a medium is endless and it involves even other physical phenomena like light or sound waves, and our own bodies.
In other words, once we become interested in the material aspect of human communication, media suddenly turn out ____ be everywhere.
And anything and ____ can be used as a medium.
White pebbles on a beach are not usually a medium, but the white stones that Hansel, in the fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm, drops as he goes into the woods are definitely a media ____ conveying a simple but important message: 'We came this way.'
4 AI 사용을 통한 기업의 정보 수집
It is crucial to recognise ____ potential ethical considerations arising from using AI in market research.
For example, given that researchers use historical data to train the optimising process of AI algorithms, there is a risk that the algorithm may reinforce biased traits ____ discriminatory performances.
Another underlying concern arises through how data is collected and analysed on ____ Internet and social media.
In some cases, it is not evident that the purpose of a website or an online game is to capture leads, and, in other cases, parts of social media conversations are taken without asking permission from the interlocutors, all of which may raise ____ concerns and/or violations of data protection laws.
To reduce these ____ companies must prioritise ethical considerations and ensure transparency and accountability in using AI.
It includes regular evaluations of AI models for potential bias or discrimination behaviour, being transparent with customers about how data is collected and used, and allowing customers to freely opt in or opt out ____ information provision.
5 발리 전통 음악에 대한 문화 간 인식 차이
The Canadian ethnomusicologist Colin McPhee ____ in 1935 that Balinese music is utilitarian, 'not to be listened to in itself' and containing no emotion.
Rather, he said, it is simply, like flowers, a necessary component of ceremony, as though someone had said 'We need three hours of music here' in the same way that ____ might specify the necessary dimensions of the meeting hall.
Anthropologist Margaret Mead later argued that this did not mean listeners derive no enjoyment from the performance, but she suggested that this pleasure came from the performance aspects themselves — from 'the way in ____ music is played rather than the music'.
No one would, in that sense, be saying 'Oh, ____ love this song'.
Yet these ____ may have been the result of the Western observers' distance from Balinese culture; certainly, modern listeners to gamelan seem to derive aesthetic satisfaction from it.
The ____ Marc Benamou cautions that aesthetic and emotional judgements about music can be tricky to compare across cultures: Javanese people don't necessarily recognize the same categories of musical affect (happy/sad, say) as those in the West.