2026 수능특강 영어독해연습 12강
1 영토의 중요성
Must societies ____ their territory?
On the one hand, history is full of territorial conflicts; a social system that has ____ territory removed is doomed to fail.
What role does the territory play in ____ metabolic reproduction of the social system’s population?
Of ____ significance is the fact that territory offers the population a legitimate physical ‘common living space’, that is, it serves as a ‘repository for humans and their infrastructures’.
This ‘repository function’ provides the opportunity ____ participate in the consumption of the so-called ‘free goods’, the ecosystem services within the territory (for example, clean air and water).
In most cases, however, it means more than this. The state is ____ some sense answerable to the ‘common good’ and thus to ensuring conditions supporting the reproduction of its human subjects.
In any case, at least within its territory, it must ensure that ____ metabolic reproduction is possible.
The territory is therefore meaningful in ____ natural resources which economic processes can appropriate.
It ____ provides an outlet for the depositing of waste products from these processes, and it is a source of various non-provisioning ecosystem services.
2 직원 보호를 위한 물리적 장벽의 필요성과 문제점
There ____ some situations where physical barriers are both sensible and necessary for the protection of the worker.
There are classic examples of this within the prison service and of ____ arrangements can be made for the safety of visitors.
____ many reception areas for public services have, from time to time, employed security screens in the hope of discouraging violence or abusive behaviour and for the protection of staff.
These have not always worked, however, and have sometimes given the ____ that violent behaviour is being expected.
Some people find such screens to be so impersonal that they provoke a suspicious, even ____ response.
They much prefer to create an ____ warm and human environment that respects the individual and encourages them in turn to behave respectfully towards the worker.
It is also possible ____ screens can put confidentiality at risk if people feel that they have to speak more loudly in order to make themselves heard.
Screens in GP surgeries are good examples ____ this.
3 암호 해독과 설명의 차이
Decoding is a verbal activity that regards its object as a set of signals; each signal carries a specific meaning ____ by a code.
The object of decoding may be ____ or nonverbal.
The nonverbal object, however, becomes in the process of decoding analogous to verbal objects, that is, it is viewed ____ a set of signals.
Decoding an enemy’s message begins with the belief that the apparently random signals conceal a ____ meaning.
As is ____ case with explanation, decoding aims to unify disparate facts.
While explanation includes the particular covered by a general law, decoding substitutes ____ element with another in accordance with a rule that may be individual to the particular case:
the enemy’s second message may or may not be written in ____ same code as the first.
The decoder cannot rely on seemingly similar cases to provide the right code — ____ apparent similarity may be misleading.
By contrast, similar cases must be similarly explained, because explanations assume general, coherent rules common ____ all relevant cases.
Decoding is the process of interpreting signals, often requiring specific rules to ____ cases, in contrast to explanation which relies on consistent rules across similar cases.
4 이산화 탄소와 산소의 반대 작용
Carbon dioxide is a ____ regulator of breathing (it acts on a different set of chemoreceptors, found in the brain) and if its concentration in the blood falls, breathing is inhibited.
It is possible to demonstrate this for yourself. You will ____ you are able to hold your breath for longer if you breathe very rapidly for a short time beforehand.
(Do not do this for more than a minute or you ____ become dizzy.)
The reason is that breath-holding is terminated not by ____ demand for oxygen but rather by the falling carbon dioxide concentration in the blood.
When this ____ a critical level it stimulates you to take a breath.
Hyperventilation before ____ your breath blows off carbon dioxide from the body and enables a longer period to go by before carbon dioxide builds up to a level sufficient to stimulate breathing.
The opposing drives from oxygen and carbon dioxide explain why no change in breathing occurs at altitudes of less ____ 3000 metres.
5-6 교육 분야에서 권력을 행사하는 정책
It is perhaps self-evident that the outworking of policy is seen in the exercise of power if it compels individuals to behave in a way which they would ____ have chosen to do.
Policy can be used to highlight power ____ but it can also allow for depersonalisation of power and decision-making:
a leader could imply that while they don’t really agree with a particular course of action, the policy dictates it and therefore it ____ be done.
In the same way policy can act as the source ____ authority such that hierarchy is unnecessary:
a group of individuals may resort to policy to ____ their decision-making when there is no established authority figure to set their direction.
Ultimately those who define policy exert power over those ____ follow policy and, in education at least, it is rare that policy is determined collectively:
at best, leaders are elected democratically so that they may set policy ____ the electorate.
There is therefore ____ inevitable reliance on a political elite, and a consequent hierarchy of power.
A frequently seen example of policy as power in ____ is uniform.
It is for the ‘governing board’ of a school to determine if ____ has a uniform, and if so what it is, but parents and children have a duty to comply, and school staff have a duty to enforce it.
Countless children will have discovered that they cannot appeal to the logic that inadequate uniform does not affect ____ learning, and nor can they resort to any individual to plead their case, for the power rests within the policy itself:
it is ____ to say that you have to wear school uniforms because that is what the policy says.