2026 수특 영독연 14강 변형문제 (1-9번)

Dear ____ Allen, I hope this message finds you well.

My name is Orville Rivera ____ I recently joined the team to work on various corporate strategy initiatives.

____ of my current responsibilities is to lead the quality systems project.

As I embark on this task, I’m in the ____ stages of gathering information about the existing systems and understanding the requirements from the users’ perspective.

Given your role and expertise, I believe your insights would be invaluable to ensure the success of ____ endeavor.

I would greatly appreciate the ____ to discuss the project with you in more detail, including current workflows, user expectations, and any other insights you may have.

Would it be possible for us to schedule a meeting later this week at your ____

Thank you for considering ____ request, Ruth.

The day came for the operation, and we arrived at the hospital early in ____ morning.

Sal was taken into surgery, and I went down to ____ chapel to pray.

____ were streaming down my face.

I prayed like I had never prayed ____

I just wanted to see this man whom I loved so much come out of ____ surgery and be free of this threatening disease.

____ went back up to the waiting room and sat there with our daughter for what seemed like an eternity.

____ doctor finally came into the room.

All I could see was his ____

He said that the surgery went well, and ____ removed any possible lingering cancer cells.

I started to cry again, but with joy this time that this man I loved would be by my side again, healthy and smiling and looking forward to all the ____ things that life had in store for us.

Avoiding scientific jargon is not as hard as it seems, as articles written for the public, for government and ____ industry usually focus on the application of the science, not on the science itself.

____ is nearly always possible to describe the application of science in plain language.

____ scientists sometimes complain that the translation of science into plain language ‘devalues’ it or ‘dumbs it down’.

However, if the use of scientific terminology will only cause the audience to misunderstand — or, worse, completely misinterpret what is being said — then it makes no sense to use it, as the result will ____ be confusion.

Scientists should never expect people outside their discipline to understand the exact meaning they ascribe to a specialised ____ — even an apparently simple one like ‘model’.

Every effort should be made to re-phrase the language so that it has meaning to ____ audience.

This sometimes takes more time and effort than some researchers can spare, and ____ the reason for the growing value of the skilled communicator as a messenger and interpreter between science and society.

____ is significantly different from pursuit of excellence.

When limits to excellence begin to operate, only ____ and innovation can take companies to different trajectories.

In a ____ and uncertain world, companies that are creative would most certainly have advantage over companies that are not.

Nevertheless, creativity figures low in corporate ____ as a work or organizational ethic that needs to be institutionalized.

For most organizations, only the visible ____ of an employee mind to follow the prescribed practices is relevant.

The employee mind is considered similar to a black box (“one can never fathom what happens inside ____ human brain, nor is it necessary”)!

For most organizations, their environmental view rarely goes beyond an explored business canvas into unexplored white spaces (“one has to have deep ____ to lose money on white spaces”)!

____ failing to dip into the thought processes that go through the black boxes, companies miss out on the opportunities of white-space growth that lies ahead of them.

Life is perhaps 5% (or less) what ____ to us and 95% (or more) how we interpret and respond to what is happening.

It is our interpretation of external ____ that gives them meaning.

Situations and circumstances are neutral until we decide what they ____ whether positive, negative, or insignificant.

Individuals in the excellence category ____ to accept the limiting biases and judgments of others.

They make their ____ interpretations, and decide accordingly.

____ is an often-noted parable about a shoe factory that sends two marketing scouts to a distant country to study the possibilities of expanding the shoe business.

The first scout sends back a message that the situation is hopeless, no one wears shoes, and there is ____ market.

____ other scout responds enthusiastically that this is an outstanding business opportunity since no one has shoes.

In any situation, the meaning we give to circumstances ____ what we see and how we think and act.

One area of research that’s become increasingly popular among food scientists is the arena ____ phantom aromas.

Once in a while you might imagine a smell that ____ actually around you.

Aroma is the sense that is most strongly associated with memory, and this relationship can be manipulated during cooking to trick our brain to reconstruct what ____ perceives the food should taste like.

Ham is a salt-cured meat, and we’ve learned to associate the aroma ____ ham with saltiness.

In a ____ experiment, the presence of “ham aroma” in food samples convinced a group of people that their food tasted saltier.

You can play with this ____

____ you repeatedly use aromatic spices such as cinnamon, rosewater, and vanilla in desserts, you start to associate those aromas with sweetness.

The next ____ you make a dessert such as Polenta Kheer, cut back on the amount of added sweetener and add a bit more of the “sweeter” aromatic spice.

____ dinner companions will probably find that the dessert tastes very sweet.

Overoptimism ____ be partially explained by “representativeness bias.”

Representativeness bias is the result of a heuristic whereby individuals generalize from particular “representative” cases, even when better general statistical ____ exists.

It is easy to see why the representativeness heuristic might be useful in everyday reasoning — specific information is often ____ accurate or more useful than general information, and favoring it may represent a useful cognitive shortcut when assessing probabilities.

However, when this assumption fails, the representativeness heuristic can lead to bizarre and ____ judgments.

Overoptimism may result from representativeness when, for example, individuals infer from knowledge about a ____ car accident involving a bad driver that bad driving correlates with accidents more highly than it does in fact.

In this case, even ____ they believe they are average drivers, they will systematically underestimate the probability that they will be involved in an accident, because the representativeness heuristic will have generated an underestimation of the probability that average drivers are involved in accidents.

Francis William Aston, a British chemist and physicist, was born in Harborne, England, the son of a ____ merchant.

He was educated at Mason ____ the forerunner of Birmingham University, where he studied chemistry.

From 1898 until 1900, he did research under P. F. Frankland on optical rotation. He ____ Birmingham in 1900 to work in a Wolverhampton brewery for three years.

During this time he continued with scientific research in a home laboratory, where he worked on the production of vacua for x-ray ____ tubes.

This work came to the notice of J. H. Poynting of the University of Birmingham, ____ invited Aston to work with him.

He remained at Birmingham until 1910, ____ he moved to Cambridge as research assistant to J. J. Thomson.

He became a research fellow at Cambridge in 1920 and stayed there for the rest of his life, apart from the war ____ spent at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough.

Aston’s main work, for which he received the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1922, was on the design and use of the mass spectrograph, which was used to clear up several outstanding problems and became one of the basic tools of the new atomic ____