2026 수특 영독연 14강 변형문제 (1-9번)

Dear Ruth Allen, I hope ____ message finds you well.

My name is Orville Rivera and I recently joined the team to ____ on various corporate strategy initiatives.

One ____ my current responsibilities is to lead the quality systems project.

As I embark on this task, I’m in the initial stages of gathering information about ____ existing systems and understanding the requirements from the users’ perspective.

Given ____ role and expertise, I believe your insights would be invaluable to ensure the success of this endeavor.

I would greatly appreciate the opportunity to discuss the project with you in more detail, including current workflows, user expectations, and ____ other insights you may have.

Would it be possible for ____ to schedule a meeting later this week at your convenience?

Thank you ____ considering my request, Ruth.

The day came for ____ operation, and we arrived at the hospital early in the morning.

Sal was taken into ____ and I went down to the chapel to pray.

Tears were streaming ____ my face.

I prayed like I had never ____ before.

I just wanted to see this man whom I loved so ____ come out of the surgery and be free of this threatening disease.

I went back up to the waiting room and sat there with ____ daughter for what seemed like an eternity.

The doctor finally came into the ____

____ I could see was his eyes.

He ____ that the surgery went well, and they removed any possible lingering cancer cells.

I started to cry again, but with joy ____ time that this man I loved would be by my side again, healthy and smiling and looking forward to all the beautiful things that life had in store for us.

Avoiding scientific jargon is not as hard as it seems, as articles written for the public, for government and even industry usually focus on the application ____ the science, not on the science itself.

It is nearly always possible to describe the application of science in ____ language.

Nevertheless, scientists sometimes complain that the translation of science ____ plain language ‘devalues’ it or ‘dumbs it down’.

However, if the use of scientific terminology will only cause the audience to misunderstand — or, worse, completely misinterpret what is being said — then it makes no sense to use it, as ____ result will only be confusion.

____ should never expect people outside their discipline to understand the exact meaning they ascribe to a specialised term — even an apparently simple one like ‘model’.

Every effort should be made to re-phrase the language so that it has meaning to ____ audience.

This sometimes takes more time and effort than some researchers can spare, and ____ the reason for the growing value of the skilled communicator as a messenger and interpreter between science and society.

Creativity is significantly different ____ pursuit of excellence.

____ limits to excellence begin to operate, only creativity and innovation can take companies to different trajectories.

In a competitive and uncertain world, companies that are creative would ____ certainly have advantage over companies that are not.

Nevertheless, creativity figures low in corporate agenda as a work or ____ ethic that needs to be institutionalized.

For most organizations, only the visible working of ____ employee mind to follow the prescribed practices is relevant.

The employee mind is considered similar to a black box (“one can never fathom what happens inside a human brain, nor ____ it necessary”)!

For most organizations, their environmental view rarely goes beyond an explored business canvas into unexplored white spaces (“one ____ to have deep pockets to lose money on white spaces”)!

By failing to dip into the thought processes that go through the black ____ companies miss out on the opportunities of white-space growth that lies ahead of them.

____ is perhaps 5% (or less) what happens to us and 95% (or more) how we interpret and respond to what is happening.

____ is our interpretation of external events that gives them meaning.

Situations and circumstances are neutral until we decide what they ____ whether positive, negative, or insignificant.

Individuals in ____ excellence category refuse to accept the limiting biases and judgments of others.

They make ____ own interpretations, and decide accordingly.

There is an often-noted parable about a shoe factory that sends two marketing scouts to a distant country to study ____ possibilities of expanding the shoe business.

The first scout sends back a message that the situation is hopeless, no one wears shoes, and ____ is no market.

The other scout responds enthusiastically that this is an outstanding business opportunity since no one has ____

In any situation, the meaning we give to circumstances determines what we see and how we think and ____

One area of research that’s become increasingly popular among food scientists is ____ arena of phantom aromas.

Once in a while you might imagine a smell ____ isn’t actually around you.

Aroma is the sense that is most strongly associated with memory, and ____ relationship can be manipulated during cooking to trick our brain to reconstruct what it perceives the food should taste like.

Ham is a salt-cured ____ and we’ve learned to associate the aroma of ham with saltiness.

In a taste experiment, the presence of “ham aroma” in food ____ convinced a group of people that their food tasted saltier.

You ____ play with this yourself.

____ you repeatedly use aromatic spices such as cinnamon, rosewater, and vanilla in desserts, you start to associate those aromas with sweetness.

The next time you make a dessert such as Polenta Kheer, cut back on ____ amount of added sweetener and add a bit more of the “sweeter” aromatic spice.

Your dinner companions ____ probably find that the dessert tastes very sweet.

Overoptimism may be partially explained by “representativeness ____

Representativeness bias is the result of a heuristic whereby individuals generalize from particular “representative” cases, even when better general ____ information exists.

It is easy to see why the representativeness heuristic might be useful in everyday reasoning — specific ____ is often more accurate or more useful than general information, and favoring it may represent a useful cognitive shortcut when assessing probabilities.

However, ____ this assumption fails, the representativeness heuristic can lead to bizarre and erroneous judgments.

Overoptimism may result from representativeness when, for example, individuals infer from knowledge about a specific car accident involving a bad driver that bad driving correlates with accidents more highly than it does in ____

In this case, even if they believe they are ____ drivers, they will systematically underestimate the probability that they will be involved in an accident, because the representativeness heuristic will have generated an underestimation of the probability that average drivers are involved in accidents.

Francis William Aston, a British chemist and physicist, was born in Harborne, England, the son of a ____ merchant.

He was educated at Mason College, the forerunner of Birmingham University, where he ____ chemistry.

From 1898 until 1900, he did research under P. F. Frankland on optical rotation. He left Birmingham in 1900 to work in a Wolverhampton brewery for three ____

During this time he continued with scientific research in a home laboratory, where he worked on the production of vacua for ____ discharge tubes.

This work came to the notice of J. H. Poynting of the University of Birmingham, who invited Aston to work ____ him.

He remained at Birmingham until 1910, when he moved to Cambridge as research ____ to J. J. Thomson.

He became a research fellow at Cambridge in ____ and stayed there for the rest of his life, apart from the war years spent at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough.

Aston’s main work, for which he received the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1922, was on the design and use of the mass spectrograph, which was used to clear up several outstanding problems and became one of the basic tools of the new atomic ____