2026 수능특강 영어독해연습 14강
12 정치 참여 모집의 사회경제적 지위 편향
Requests to take ____ politically arise from a variety of sources: through social media, or in a sermon at church, or from the newsletter of an organization of which one is a member, or directly from a friend, neighbor, or co-worker.
Because those who attempt to get others involved in politics act as “____ prospectors,” the ordinary processes through which people are asked to take part do not ameliorate the class bias in individual political voice.
Seeking to get ____ as efficiently as possible, rational prospectors aim their requests at those who are likely not only to say yes but also, on assenting, to participate effectively.
Often they target people who have been active in the ____. The result is that participation undertaken in response to requests from others brings in a disproportionate share of previous activists,
which in turn exaggerates the ____ status bias of political participation.
In this way, ordinary processes of recruitment to political involvement do not simply replicate the socioeconomic structuring of ____ participation: they actually amplify it.
13 감정이 기억에 미치는 영향
Storing too many memories ____ slow down the process of retrieval, so memories that are deemed irrelevant are quietly erased.
This is why you probably cannot remember what you had for breakfast two Fridays ____ as such information is unlikely to be useful.
This of course raises the question as to how we can determine in ____ whether or not a memory is likely to be useful in the future.
____ factor is emotion.
In times of great stress, people will often have very ____ memories of the event; in extreme cases this can manifest itself as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
____ of PTSD can be overwhelmed by memories of traumatic events and can show hypervigilance in threatening situations.
Although PTSD is clearly maladaptive, it may be an ____ form of a process that is evolutionarily useful.
It would surely be good design to ensure that an animal that has had, for example, a near-death experience would learn from that ____ and display vigilance in similar situations.
14 조작하는 사람이 인식할 때 가치 있는 정보
One example of information that has greatest value when it is in the awareness of a human operator can be found in the ____ of driving.
Vehicles today are designed with ____ sophisticated sensor packages aimed at detecting a variety of aspects of the driving environment.
For example, forward-looking cameras and forward-looking radar systems can judge the distance to vehicles in ____ of a driver.
____ that measure this information over time reveal changes in distance.
This information can be used to alert a driver when the change in distance for a given vehicle speed is rapid enough to suggest a ____ might take place.
That information is ____, but it is only valuable if the driver acts on it.
(Unless, of ____, the vehicle itself acts on it without driver intervention.)
The key here is that the driver must have the ability to pay attention to the information for the information to have ____ to the driver.
If the driver is distracted by a phone, for example, they might ____ to process the important information the vehicle is presenting.
15 세포의 성장과 지속 사이의 균형
A biologist, Tyler Volk, points out that ____ are self-generated dynamic entities that at any given moment are always on the cusp between persisting and dying.
They manage to survive by using their metabolism to stay ____ in this game.
____ metabolic wastes are expelled, the result is a loss of molecules.
To ____, cells also use metabolism to grow new molecules.
If the exchange is at least ____, the cell can persist in its present form.
If ____ molecules are generated than are lost, which adds protection against dying, net growth results, and the cell gets bigger.
But a cell can only grow so much, as larger cells require more nutrients, and the cell runs up against a basic principle of physics — as a sphere gets bigger, its ____ increases to a greater degree than its surface area.
For a cell, this ____ it harder for the surface to keep the flow of nutrients high enough to sustain the ever-larger interior.
So what’s a cell to do? It divides in half and starts the process all over as it approaches its useful ____ limit.
This achieves a balance between ____ and persistence.
16 단기적인 반복 연습과 장기 기억
In a study, Iowa State University researchers read people lists of words, and then asked for each list to be recited back ____ right away, after fifteen seconds of rehearsal, or after fifteen seconds of doing very simple math problems that prevented rehearsal.
The ____ who were allowed to reproduce the lists right after hearing them did the best.
Those who had fifteen seconds to ____ before reciting came in second.
The group ____ with math problems finished last.
Later, when everyone thought they were finished, they were all surprised with a pop quiz: ____ down every word you can recall from the lists.
Suddenly, the worst group became the best. Short-term ____ gave purely short-term benefits.
Struggling to ____ on to information and then recall it had helped the group distracted by math problems transfer the information from short-term to long-term memory.
The group with more and immediate rehearsal opportunity ____ nearly nothing on the pop quiz.
Repetition, it turned out, was less ____ than struggle.
17 조직의 창발적 특성인 심리적 안전감
Psychological safety plays a powerful role in the science of ____ well.
It allows people to ask for help when they’re in over their ____, which helps eliminate preventable failures.
It helps them report — and hence catch and correct — ____ to avoid worse outcomes, and it makes it possible to experiment in thoughtful ways to generate new discoveries.
Think ____ the teams that you’ve been a part of at work or at school.
These groups probably ____ in psychological safety.
Maybe in some you felt completely comfortable speaking up with a new idea, or disagreeing with a team ____.
In other teams you might have felt it was better to hold back — to wait and see what happened or what ____ people did and said before sticking your neck out.
That difference is now called ____ safety — and I have found in my research that it’s an emergent property of a group, not a personality difference.
This means your perception of whether it’s safe to speak up at work is unrelated to ____ you’re an extrovert or an introvert.
Instead, it’s shaped by how people ____ you react to things that you and others say and do.
18 공공 공간이 이주민에게 미치는 영향
We live in a highly mobile world, ____ people are regularly uprooted from their home locales.
Some do so by choice, but for others political or economic conditions force ____ to relocate to vastly different physical and cultural places.
In these circumstances, aside from their private realms, public space plays a ____ in creating a sense of belonging to a new place.
The sensory qualities of public space — the smell of the sea, a ____ tree, the design of a fence, the quality of light, a soccer field — have an utmost capacity to create a connection to “home” for the new arrivals.
These seemingly ephemeral qualities of public space can ____ deep psychological comfort by triggering a familiar memory, creating an interconnectedness, or forming a continuum between the past and the present.
These experiences in and of public space ____ also establish a common or shared experience between the locals and the newcomers.