2027 수특 영독연 1강 변형문제 (1-6번)

Research on the universality of facial expressions suggests that the ____ of affect involves interactions between situational variables and a finite repertoire of human emotions whose meanings are at least roughly synonymous among all members of the species.

At the same time, Izard's formulation of "affective-cognitive structures" shows that emotions are in ____ not separable from the particular circumstances that are associated with them.

The fact that it is possible to construct a list of "basic," universally recognizable emotions ____ not only from a species-specific repertoire of facial expressions, but perhaps more fundamentally from a larger set of human expressive behaviors, including laughter and crying as well as bodily movements and postures.

These behaviors, for which a universal capacity exists, are also, without exception, carried out in ____ circumstances.

As elements in the human communicative function, they ____ the necessity of response from the environment while also being shaped by it.

To use Lewis's terms, the contextual reality of emotional expression transforms "____" into "experience."

Changes are often useful — people want to see new emails, better search ____, and new news stories — but they can disrupt the user's ability to re-find information.

As an example, dynamic menus were developed to help people access ____ items faster by bubbling common items to the top of the menu.

Rather than decreasing access time, research revealed dynamic menus actually slow their ____ down because commonly sought items no longer appear where expected.

As another example, some researchers tried to help people search better by giving them lists of relevant sentences that were dynamically reranked based on implicit ____ gathered during the search process.

To the researchers' surprise, ____ did not enjoy the search experience as much or perform as well as they did when the sentence list was static.

Similarly, a large-scale analysis of query logs revealed that when people repeat queries they are significantly less ____ to click on a result they've clicked before if the result's rank has changed, and significantly slower to click when they do.

Verbal metaphors help make our language ____ colorful and expressive.

They ____ how we think about something, but they do not change the thing itself.

Interface metaphors ____ a more fundamental role in how we experience and interact with the technological world, affecting function as well as feeling.

The metaphor that is ____ for an interface shapes how it can be used.

When we put computer "files" into "folders," these metaphoric constructs help us think about the way information is organized in our machine, but they also ____ what we can do with it.

Interface metaphors also influence the ____ of the experience, the emotional and aesthetic response we have to our interactions with and via the machine.

The desktop metaphor calls to ____ office work — secretaries, bosses, quarterly plans, and cubicles.

It was developed in the late 1970s and ____ 1980s, when office work was seen as the primary use for personal computers.

The desktop image certainly is ____ for that setting.

However, it is less appropriate when we ____ the computer as an entertainment center or as the locus of our social life.

Interface metaphors need to ____ both the feel and function of the application.

Many news media studies ____ experimental designs to see whether citizens' opinions are influenced by different news content.

For example, in one study, researchers created newspaper stories to frame the death ____ in different ways.

One story ____ the death penalty as an affront to moral values (the morality frame), whereas another story emphasized that the policy was fundamentally flawed because innocent people might be executed (the innocence frame).

Some subjects read the story with the morality frame, and others read the ____ with the innocence frame.

Subjects then completed a ____ that asked them to list the important factors they considered when determining their opinion on the death penalty.

It was found that subjects exposed to the innocence frame were more ____ to mention innocence-related considerations as important factors in determining their attitudes toward the death penalty than subjects presented with the morality frame.

Thus, the ____ frames shaped the ingredients of the subjects' death penalty attitudes.

The knowledge problem is most evident when we discuss our ability to predict that which has not yet been ____.

Most ____ would say that they "know" the Sun will rise tomorrow.

____, can we call this a certainty?

It seems very likely, but it has also been predicted that the time will come when the Sun runs out of fuel, ____ massively, and consumes the Earth.

We don't know if this prediction is true, but it is consistent with our best ____ and we cannot rule it out.

It is also possible that the Earth will explode due to some internal process with ____ molten core, which we had not anticipated.

A massive comet that our telescopes have not observed ____ crash into the Earth and destroy the planet.

These examples seem a bit extreme, but consider the ____ people who died in the tsunami in Sumatra in 2004, which resulted from an undersea megathrust earthquake that had not been anticipated.

The most reasonable prediction on that day was that it would be an average day, ____ so many days before it, not that a massive wave was going to destroy many thousands of lives; tragically, such was the case.

Accepting or being at ____ with things isn't easy.

It ____ time, patience and a fair dose of courage.

True acceptance isn't about ____ to make something go away, as in, 'If I accept this then it will go away'.

That's a good way to get dispirited when the ____, the thing, doesn't go away.

Using acceptance to make something go away is actually non-acceptance masquerading as ____ in order to get rid of that towards which you have a negative attitude.

Rather than getting dispirited we ____ be better to notice what happens when we fight with a situation or experience.

It escalates! We could then wonder what ____ happen if we stopped fighting with it.

Through ____ acceptance, the impact of such experiences starts to diminish and in their own time these experiences impact us less often.

It's as if we've been visited by a stray dog that keeps coming back because we keep feeding it, but soon it loses interest and goes ____ when it is not being fed.

Attention is the food that keeps it ____ back.