2027 수특 영독연 1강 변형문제 (1-6번)

Research on the universality of facial expressions suggests that the socialization of affect involves interactions between situational variables and a finite repertoire of human emotions whose meanings are at least roughly synonymous among all ____ of the species.

At the same time, Izard's formulation of "affective-cognitive structures" shows that emotions are in reality not separable from the ____ circumstances that are associated with them.

The fact that it is possible to construct a list of "basic," universally recognizable emotions derives not only from a species-specific repertoire of facial expressions, but perhaps more ____ from a larger set of human expressive behaviors, including laughter and crying as well as bodily movements and postures.

These behaviors, for which a ____ capacity exists, are also, without exception, carried out in particular circumstances.

As elements in the human communicative function, they create the necessity of response ____ the environment while also being shaped by it.

To use Lewis's terms, the contextual ____ of emotional expression transforms "state" into "experience."

Changes are often useful — people want to see new emails, better search results, and new news stories — but they can disrupt the user's ability to re-find ____.

As an example, dynamic menus were developed to help ____ access menu items faster by bubbling common items to the top of the menu.

Rather than decreasing access time, research revealed dynamic menus ____ slow their users down because commonly sought items no longer appear where expected.

As another example, some researchers tried to ____ people search better by giving them lists of relevant sentences that were dynamically reranked based on implicit feedback gathered during the search process.

To the researchers' surprise, people did ____ enjoy the search experience as much or perform as well as they did when the sentence list was static.

Similarly, a large-scale analysis of query logs revealed that when people repeat queries they are significantly less likely to click on a result ____ clicked before if the result's rank has changed, and significantly slower to click when they do.

Verbal metaphors help make our language ____ colorful and expressive.

They influence how we think ____ something, but they do not change the thing itself.

Interface metaphors play a more fundamental role in how we experience and interact with the ____ world, affecting function as well as feeling.

The metaphor that is chosen for an interface ____ how it can be used.

When we put computer "files" into "folders," these ____ constructs help us think about the way information is organized in our machine, but they also constrain what we can do with it.

Interface metaphors also influence the feel of the experience, the emotional and ____ response we have to our interactions with and via the machine.

The desktop metaphor calls to mind office work — secretaries, bosses, quarterly plans, and ____.

It was developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s, when office work was seen as the primary use for ____ computers.

The desktop image certainly is ____ for that setting.

However, it is less ____ when we use the computer as an entertainment center or as the locus of our social life.

Interface ____ need to fit both the feel and function of the application.

Many news media studies use experimental ____ to see whether citizens' opinions are influenced by different news content.

For example, in ____ study, researchers created newspaper stories to frame the death penalty in different ways.

One story constructed the death penalty as an affront to moral values (the morality frame), whereas another ____ emphasized that the policy was fundamentally flawed because innocent people might be executed (the innocence frame).

Some subjects read the story with the morality frame, and others read the one with the ____ frame.

Subjects then completed a questionnaire that asked them to list the important ____ they considered when determining their opinion on the death penalty.

It was found that subjects exposed to the ____ frame were more likely to mention innocence-related considerations as important factors in determining their attitudes toward the death penalty than subjects presented with the morality frame.

Thus, the news frames shaped the ingredients of the subjects' ____ penalty attitudes.

The knowledge problem is most evident ____ we discuss our ability to predict that which has not yet been observed.

Most ____ would say that they "know" the Sun will rise tomorrow.

However, ____ we call this a certainty?

It seems very likely, but it has also been predicted that the time will come ____ the Sun runs out of fuel, swells massively, and consumes the Earth.

We don't know if this prediction is true, but it is consistent with our best ____ and we cannot rule it out.

It is also possible that the Earth will explode due to some internal process with its molten core, which we had ____ anticipated.

A massive ____ that our telescopes have not observed may crash into the Earth and destroy the planet.

These examples seem a bit extreme, but consider the 230,000 people who died in the tsunami in Sumatra in 2004, ____ resulted from an undersea megathrust earthquake that had not been anticipated.

The most reasonable prediction on that day was that it would be an average day, ____ so many days before it, not that a massive wave was going to destroy many thousands of lives; tragically, such was the case.

Accepting or being at peace with things ____ easy.

It takes time, patience and a fair ____ of courage.

True acceptance ____ about trying to make something go away, as in, 'If I accept this then it will go away'.

That's a good way to get dispirited when the problem, the thing, ____ go away.

Using acceptance to make something go away is ____ non-acceptance masquerading as acceptance in order to get rid of that towards which you have a negative attitude.

Rather than getting dispirited we ____ be better to notice what happens when we fight with a situation or experience.

It escalates! We could ____ wonder what would happen if we stopped fighting with it.

Through true acceptance, the impact of such experiences starts to diminish and in their own time these ____ impact us less often.

It's as if we've been ____ by a stray dog that keeps coming back because we keep feeding it, but soon it loses interest and goes away when it is not being fed.

Attention is the ____ that keeps it coming back.