2027 수특 영독연 1강 변형문제 (1-6번)

Research on the universality of facial expressions suggests that the socialization of affect involves interactions between situational variables and a finite repertoire of human emotions whose meanings are at ____ roughly synonymous among all members of the species.

At the same time, Izard's formulation of "affective-cognitive structures" shows that emotions are in ____ not separable from the particular circumstances that are associated with them.

The fact that ____ is possible to construct a list of "basic," universally recognizable emotions derives not only from a species-specific repertoire of facial expressions, but perhaps more fundamentally from a larger set of human expressive behaviors, including laughter and crying as well as bodily movements and postures.

These behaviors, for which a universal capacity exists, ____ also, without exception, carried out in particular circumstances.

As elements in the human communicative function, they ____ the necessity of response from the environment while also being shaped by it.

To use Lewis's terms, the contextual reality of emotional expression transforms ____ into "experience."

Changes are often useful — people want to see new emails, better search results, and new news ____ — but they can disrupt the user's ability to re-find information.

____ an example, dynamic menus were developed to help people access menu items faster by bubbling common items to the top of the menu.

Rather than decreasing access time, ____ revealed dynamic menus actually slow their users down because commonly sought items no longer appear where expected.

As another example, some researchers tried to help people search better by giving them ____ of relevant sentences that were dynamically reranked based on implicit feedback gathered during the search process.

To the researchers' surprise, people did not enjoy the search ____ as much or perform as well as they did when the sentence list was static.

Similarly, a large-scale analysis of query logs revealed that when people repeat queries they are significantly less likely to click on a result they've clicked before if the result's rank has changed, and significantly slower to click ____ they do.

Verbal ____ help make our language more colorful and expressive.

They ____ how we think about something, but they do not change the thing itself.

Interface metaphors play a more fundamental role in how we experience ____ interact with the technological world, affecting function as well as feeling.

The ____ that is chosen for an interface shapes how it can be used.

When we put computer "files" into "folders," these metaphoric constructs help us think about the way information is organized in our machine, but they also constrain what we ____ do with it.

Interface metaphors also influence the feel of the experience, the emotional and aesthetic response we have to our interactions with and ____ the machine.

The desktop metaphor calls ____ mind office work — secretaries, bosses, quarterly plans, and cubicles.

It was developed in the late 1970s and early ____ when office work was seen as the primary use for personal computers.

The desktop image certainly is appropriate for ____ setting.

However, it is less appropriate when we use the computer as an entertainment center or as the locus ____ our social life.

Interface metaphors need to fit both the feel and function of ____ application.

Many news media studies use experimental designs to see whether citizens' ____ are influenced by different news content.

For example, in ____ study, researchers created newspaper stories to frame the death penalty in different ways.

One story constructed the death penalty as an affront to moral values (the morality frame), whereas another story emphasized that the policy was fundamentally flawed ____ innocent people might be executed (the innocence frame).

Some subjects read the story with the morality frame, and others read ____ one with the innocence frame.

Subjects then completed a questionnaire that asked them to list the important ____ they considered when determining their opinion on the death penalty.

It was found that subjects exposed to the innocence frame were more likely to mention innocence-related considerations as important factors in determining their attitudes toward the death ____ than subjects presented with the morality frame.

Thus, the news frames shaped the ____ of the subjects' death penalty attitudes.

The knowledge problem is most evident when we discuss our ability to predict ____ which has not yet been observed.

Most people ____ say that they "know" the Sun will rise tomorrow.

However, ____ we call this a certainty?

It seems very likely, but ____ has also been predicted that the time will come when the Sun runs out of fuel, swells massively, and consumes the Earth.

We don't know if ____ prediction is true, but it is consistent with our best understanding and we cannot rule it out.

It is also possible that the Earth will explode due to some internal process with its molten core, ____ we had not anticipated.

____ massive comet that our telescopes have not observed may crash into the Earth and destroy the planet.

These examples seem a bit extreme, but consider the 230,000 people who died in the tsunami in Sumatra in 2004, which resulted from an undersea megathrust earthquake that ____ not been anticipated.

The most ____ prediction on that day was that it would be an average day, like so many days before it, not that a massive wave was going to destroy many thousands of lives; tragically, such was the case.

Accepting or being at peace ____ things isn't easy.

It ____ time, patience and a fair dose of courage.

True acceptance isn't about trying to make something go away, as in, 'If I accept this then ____ will go away'.

That's a good way to get ____ when the problem, the thing, doesn't go away.

Using acceptance to make something go away is actually non-acceptance masquerading as acceptance in ____ to get rid of that towards which you have a negative attitude.

Rather than getting dispirited we would ____ better to notice what happens when we fight with a situation or experience.

It escalates! We could then wonder what ____ happen if we stopped fighting with it.

Through ____ acceptance, the impact of such experiences starts to diminish and in their own time these experiences impact us less often.

It's as if ____ been visited by a stray dog that keeps coming back because we keep feeding it, but soon it loses interest and goes away when it is not being fed.

____ is the food that keeps it coming back.