2027 수특 영독연 1강 변형문제 (1-6번)

Research on the universality of facial expressions suggests that the socialization of affect involves interactions between situational variables ____ a finite repertoire of human emotions whose meanings are at least roughly synonymous among all members of the species.

At ____ same time, Izard's formulation of "affective-cognitive structures" shows that emotions are in reality not separable from the particular circumstances that are associated with them.

The fact that it is possible to construct a list of "basic," universally recognizable emotions derives not only from a ____ repertoire of facial expressions, but perhaps more fundamentally from a larger set of human expressive behaviors, including laughter and crying as well as bodily movements and postures.

These ____ for which a universal capacity exists, are also, without exception, carried out in particular circumstances.

As elements in the human communicative function, they create ____ necessity of response from the environment while also being shaped by it.

To use Lewis's terms, the ____ reality of emotional expression transforms "state" into "experience."

Changes are often useful — people want to see new emails, better search results, and new news stories ____ but they can disrupt the user's ability to re-find information.

As an example, dynamic menus were developed to ____ people access menu items faster by bubbling common items to the top of the menu.

Rather than decreasing access time, research revealed dynamic menus ____ slow their users down because commonly sought items no longer appear where expected.

As another example, some researchers tried to help people search better by giving them lists of relevant sentences that were dynamically reranked based on implicit feedback gathered during the ____ process.

To the researchers' surprise, people did ____ enjoy the search experience as much or perform as well as they did when the sentence list was static.

Similarly, a large-scale analysis of query logs revealed that when people repeat queries they are significantly less likely to ____ on a result they've clicked before if the result's rank has changed, and significantly slower to click when they do.

Verbal metaphors help ____ our language more colorful and expressive.

They influence how we think about something, but they do not change the ____ itself.

Interface metaphors play a more fundamental role in how we experience and interact with the technological world, affecting function as well ____ feeling.

The metaphor that is chosen for an interface shapes how ____ can be used.

When we put computer "files" into "folders," these metaphoric constructs help us think about the way ____ is organized in our machine, but they also constrain what we can do with it.

Interface metaphors also influence the feel of the experience, the emotional and aesthetic response ____ have to our interactions with and via the machine.

The desktop metaphor calls to mind office ____ — secretaries, bosses, quarterly plans, and cubicles.

It was developed in the ____ 1970s and early 1980s, when office work was seen as the primary use for personal computers.

____ desktop image certainly is appropriate for that setting.

However, it is less appropriate when we use ____ computer as an entertainment center or as the locus of our social life.

Interface metaphors need to fit both the feel and function of the ____

Many news media studies use experimental designs to see whether citizens' opinions are influenced by ____ news content.

For example, in one study, ____ created newspaper stories to frame the death penalty in different ways.

One story constructed the death penalty as an affront to moral values (the morality frame), whereas another story emphasized that the policy was fundamentally flawed because innocent people might be executed (the innocence ____

Some ____ read the story with the morality frame, and others read the one with the innocence frame.

Subjects then completed a questionnaire that asked them to list the ____ factors they considered when determining their opinion on the death penalty.

It was found that subjects exposed to the innocence frame were more likely to mention innocence-related considerations as important factors in determining their attitudes toward the death penalty than subjects ____ with the morality frame.

Thus, the news frames shaped the ingredients ____ the subjects' death penalty attitudes.

The knowledge problem is most evident when we discuss ____ ability to predict that which has not yet been observed.

Most people would say that they ____ the Sun will rise tomorrow.

However, can ____ call this a certainty?

It seems very likely, but it has also been predicted that the time will come when the Sun ____ out of fuel, swells massively, and consumes the Earth.

We don't know if this prediction is true, but it is consistent with our best understanding and we cannot rule it ____

It is ____ possible that the Earth will explode due to some internal process with its molten core, which we had not anticipated.

A massive comet that our telescopes have not observed may crash into ____ Earth and destroy the planet.

These examples seem a bit extreme, but consider the 230,000 people who died in the tsunami in Sumatra in 2004, which resulted from an undersea megathrust earthquake that had not been ____

The most reasonable prediction on that ____ was that it would be an average day, like so many days before it, not that a massive wave was going to destroy many thousands of lives; tragically, such was the case.

Accepting or being ____ peace with things isn't easy.

It takes time, patience and a fair dose ____ courage.

True acceptance isn't about trying to make something go away, as in, 'If I accept this then ____ will go away'.

That's a good way to get dispirited when the problem, the thing, ____ go away.

Using acceptance to make something go away is actually non-acceptance masquerading as acceptance in order to ____ rid of that towards which you have a negative attitude.

Rather than getting dispirited we would be better to notice what happens when we fight with ____ situation or experience.

It escalates! We could then wonder what would happen if we stopped fighting ____ it.

Through ____ acceptance, the impact of such experiences starts to diminish and in their own time these experiences impact us less often.

It's as if we've ____ visited by a stray dog that keeps coming back because we keep feeding it, but soon it loses interest and goes away when it is not being fed.

Attention is ____ food that keeps it coming back.