2027 수특 영독연 1강 변형문제 (1-6번)

Research on the universality of facial expressions suggests that the socialization of affect involves interactions between ____ variables and a finite repertoire of human emotions whose meanings are at least roughly synonymous among all members of the species.

At the same time, Izard's formulation of "affective-cognitive structures" shows that emotions are in ____ not separable from the particular circumstances that are associated with them.

The fact that it is possible to construct a list of "basic," universally recognizable emotions derives not only from a species-specific repertoire of facial expressions, but perhaps more fundamentally from a larger set of human expressive behaviors, ____ laughter and crying as well as bodily movements and postures.

These ____, for which a universal capacity exists, are also, without exception, carried out in particular circumstances.

As ____ in the human communicative function, they create the necessity of response from the environment while also being shaped by it.

To use Lewis's terms, the ____ reality of emotional expression transforms "state" into "experience."

Changes are often useful — people want to see new emails, better ____ results, and new news stories — but they can disrupt the user's ability to re-find information.

As an example, dynamic menus were ____ to help people access menu items faster by bubbling common items to the top of the menu.

Rather than decreasing access time, research revealed dynamic menus actually ____ their users down because commonly sought items no longer appear where expected.

As another example, some researchers tried to help people search better by giving ____ lists of relevant sentences that were dynamically reranked based on implicit feedback gathered during the search process.

To the researchers' surprise, people did ____ enjoy the search experience as much or perform as well as they did when the sentence list was static.

Similarly, a large-scale analysis of query logs revealed that when people repeat queries they are significantly less likely to ____ on a result they've clicked before if the result's rank has changed, and significantly slower to click when they do.

Verbal metaphors help make our ____ more colorful and expressive.

They influence ____ we think about something, but they do not change the thing itself.

Interface metaphors play a more fundamental role in how we experience and interact with the technological world, affecting function as well as ____.

The metaphor that is chosen for an interface shapes ____ it can be used.

When we put computer "files" into "folders," these metaphoric constructs help us think about the way information is organized in our machine, but they also constrain what we ____ do with it.

Interface metaphors also influence the feel of the experience, the ____ and aesthetic response we have to our interactions with and via the machine.

The desktop metaphor calls to mind office work — secretaries, bosses, ____ plans, and cubicles.

It was developed in the ____ 1970s and early 1980s, when office work was seen as the primary use for personal computers.

The desktop ____ certainly is appropriate for that setting.

However, it is ____ appropriate when we use the computer as an entertainment center or as the locus of our social life.

Interface metaphors need to fit both the feel and ____ of the application.

Many news media studies use experimental designs to ____ whether citizens' opinions are influenced by different news content.

For example, in one study, researchers created newspaper ____ to frame the death penalty in different ways.

One ____ constructed the death penalty as an affront to moral values (the morality frame), whereas another story emphasized that the policy was fundamentally flawed because innocent people might be executed (the innocence frame).

Some subjects read the story with the morality frame, and others read the one with the ____ frame.

Subjects then completed a questionnaire that ____ them to list the important factors they considered when determining their opinion on the death penalty.

It was found that subjects exposed to the innocence frame were more likely to mention innocence-related considerations as important factors in determining their attitudes toward the death penalty than ____ presented with the morality frame.

Thus, the news ____ shaped the ingredients of the subjects' death penalty attitudes.

The ____ problem is most evident when we discuss our ability to predict that which has not yet been observed.

Most people would say that they "____" the Sun will rise tomorrow.

____, can we call this a certainty?

It seems very likely, but it has also been predicted that the time will come when the Sun runs out of fuel, swells massively, and consumes the ____.

We don't know if this prediction is true, but it is consistent with our best understanding and we cannot ____ it out.

It is also possible that the Earth will explode due to some internal ____ with its molten core, which we had not anticipated.

A massive comet that our telescopes have not ____ may crash into the Earth and destroy the planet.

These examples seem a bit extreme, but consider the 230,000 people who died in the tsunami in Sumatra in 2004, which resulted from an undersea ____ earthquake that had not been anticipated.

The most reasonable prediction on that ____ was that it would be an average day, like so many days before it, not that a massive wave was going to destroy many thousands of lives; tragically, such was the case.

Accepting or being at peace with ____ isn't easy.

It takes time, ____ and a fair dose of courage.

True acceptance isn't about trying to make something go ____, as in, 'If I accept this then it will go away'.

That's a good ____ to get dispirited when the problem, the thing, doesn't go away.

Using acceptance to ____ something go away is actually non-acceptance masquerading as acceptance in order to get rid of that towards which you have a negative attitude.

Rather than getting dispirited we would be better to notice what happens ____ we fight with a situation or experience.

It escalates! We could then wonder what would happen if we ____ fighting with it.

Through true acceptance, the ____ of such experiences starts to diminish and in their own time these experiences impact us less often.

It's as if we've been visited by a stray dog that keeps coming back ____ we keep feeding it, but soon it loses interest and goes away when it is not being fed.

Attention is the ____ that keeps it coming back.