2026 수특 영독연 14강 변형문제 (1-9번)

Dear Ruth Allen, I hope this message finds ____ well.

My name is Orville Rivera and I recently joined ____ team to work on various corporate strategy initiatives.

One of ____ current responsibilities is to lead the quality systems project.

As I embark on this task, I’m in the initial stages of gathering information about the ____ systems and understanding the requirements from the users’ perspective.

Given ____ role and expertise, I believe your insights would be invaluable to ensure the success of this endeavor.

I would greatly appreciate the opportunity to discuss the project with you in ____ detail, including current workflows, user expectations, and any other insights you may have.

____ it be possible for us to schedule a meeting later this week at your convenience?

Thank you for considering my ____ Ruth.

The day came for the operation, and we arrived at the hospital early in ____ morning.

____ was taken into surgery, and I went down to the chapel to pray.

____ were streaming down my face.

I prayed like I had never ____ before.

I just wanted to see this man whom I loved so much come out ____ the surgery and be free of this threatening disease.

I went back up to the waiting room and ____ there with our daughter for what seemed like an eternity.

The doctor ____ came into the room.

All I could see was his ____

He said that the surgery went well, and ____ removed any possible lingering cancer cells.

I started to cry again, but with joy this time that this man I loved would be by my side again, healthy and smiling and looking forward to all the beautiful things that ____ had in store for us.

Avoiding scientific jargon is not as hard as it seems, as articles written for the public, for government and even industry usually focus ____ the application of the science, not on the science itself.

It is nearly ____ possible to describe the application of science in plain language.

Nevertheless, scientists sometimes complain that the translation of science into plain language ‘devalues’ it ____ ‘dumbs it down’.

However, if the use of scientific terminology will only cause the audience to misunderstand — or, worse, completely misinterpret what is being said — then it makes ____ sense to use it, as the result will only be confusion.

____ should never expect people outside their discipline to understand the exact meaning they ascribe to a specialised term — even an apparently simple one like ‘model’.

Every effort should be made to re-phrase the language so that ____ has meaning to the audience.

This sometimes takes ____ time and effort than some researchers can spare, and is the reason for the growing value of the skilled communicator as a messenger and interpreter between science and society.

Creativity is ____ different from pursuit of excellence.

When limits to excellence begin to operate, only creativity and innovation can ____ companies to different trajectories.

In a ____ and uncertain world, companies that are creative would most certainly have advantage over companies that are not.

Nevertheless, creativity figures low in corporate agenda as a work or organizational ethic that needs to be ____

For most organizations, only the visible working of an employee mind to follow the prescribed practices is ____

The employee mind is considered similar ____ a black box (“one can never fathom what happens inside a human brain, nor is it necessary”)!

For most organizations, their environmental view rarely goes beyond an explored business canvas into unexplored white spaces (“one has to have deep pockets to lose money ____ white spaces”)!

By failing to dip into the thought processes that go through the black boxes, companies miss ____ on the opportunities of white-space growth that lies ahead of them.

Life is perhaps 5% (or ____ what happens to us and 95% (or more) how we interpret and respond to what is happening.

It is our interpretation of external ____ that gives them meaning.

____ and circumstances are neutral until we decide what they mean whether positive, negative, or insignificant.

Individuals ____ the excellence category refuse to accept the limiting biases and judgments of others.

They make their ____ interpretations, and decide accordingly.

There is ____ often-noted parable about a shoe factory that sends two marketing scouts to a distant country to study the possibilities of expanding the shoe business.

The first scout sends back a message that the situation is hopeless, no one wears ____ and there is no market.

____ other scout responds enthusiastically that this is an outstanding business opportunity since no one has shoes.

In any situation, the meaning we give to circumstances ____ what we see and how we think and act.

One area of research that’s become increasingly popular among food scientists is the arena of ____ aromas.

Once in a while you might imagine ____ smell that isn’t actually around you.

Aroma is the sense that is most strongly associated with memory, and this relationship can be manipulated during cooking to ____ our brain to reconstruct what it perceives the food should taste like.

Ham is a salt-cured meat, and we’ve learned to associate the ____ of ham with saltiness.

In a taste experiment, the presence of “ham aroma” in food samples convinced a group of people that their food ____ saltier.

____ can play with this yourself.

If you repeatedly use aromatic spices such as cinnamon, rosewater, and vanilla in ____ you start to associate those aromas with sweetness.

The next time ____ make a dessert such as Polenta Kheer, cut back on the amount of added sweetener and add a bit more of the “sweeter” aromatic spice.

Your dinner companions will probably find that the ____ tastes very sweet.

Overoptimism may ____ partially explained by “representativeness bias.”

Representativeness ____ is the result of a heuristic whereby individuals generalize from particular “representative” cases, even when better general statistical information exists.

It is easy to see why the representativeness heuristic might be useful in everyday reasoning — specific information is often more accurate or more useful than general information, and favoring it may represent a useful ____ shortcut when assessing probabilities.

However, when this assumption fails, the representativeness heuristic can lead to bizarre and erroneous ____

Overoptimism may result from representativeness when, for example, individuals infer from ____ about a specific car accident involving a bad driver that bad driving correlates with accidents more highly than it does in fact.

In this case, even if they believe they are average drivers, they will systematically underestimate the probability that they will be involved in an accident, because the representativeness heuristic will ____ generated an underestimation of the probability that average drivers are involved in accidents.

Francis ____ Aston, a British chemist and physicist, was born in Harborne, England, the son of a metal merchant.

He was ____ at Mason College, the forerunner of Birmingham University, where he studied chemistry.

From 1898 until 1900, he did research under P. F. Frankland on optical rotation. He left Birmingham in 1900 to work ____ a Wolverhampton brewery for three years.

During this time he continued ____ scientific research in a home laboratory, where he worked on the production of vacua for x-ray discharge tubes.

This work came to the notice of J. H. Poynting of the University ____ Birmingham, who invited Aston to work with him.

____ remained at Birmingham until 1910, when he moved to Cambridge as research assistant to J. J. Thomson.

He became a research fellow at Cambridge in 1920 and stayed there for the rest of his life, apart from the war ____ spent at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough.

Aston’s main work, for which he received the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1922, was on the ____ and use of the mass spectrograph, which was used to clear up several outstanding problems and became one of the basic tools of the new atomic physics.