2026 수능완성 영어 9강 변형문제

Avian song learning occurs in two stages: first, songs must be memorized and, second, they must be ____

In some species these two events overlap, but in others memorization can occur before ____ by several months, providing an impressive example of long-term memory storage.

The young bird’s initial efforts to reproduce the memorized song ____ usually not successful.

These early songs may have uneven pitch, irregular tempo, ____ notes that are out of order or poorly reproduced.

However, sound graphs of songs recorded over several weeks or months reveal that during this practice period the bird fine-tunes his efforts until he produces an ____ copy of the memorized template.

This process requires hearing oneself ____ birds are unable to reproduce memorized songs if they are deafened after memorization but before the practice period.

From a competitive perspective, sport ____ are well advised to invest heavily in their branding strategy.

In an increasingly competitive climate built around entertainment and disposable consumerism, sport enterprises must find ways to establish long-term connections with ____ that maintain value beyond a brief transaction.

Branding offers the most effective method for cultivating sustainable relationships between brands and ____ users.

In such intense environments where performances can ____ and flow on and off the field, the value inherent in a sport brand is the most resilient and long-lasting form of asset a sport enterprise can possess.

A strong brand gives its owner a stable foundation of ____ that can weather poor seasons, new challenges, athletes that come and go, and rough markets.

Kuhn observed that sometimes anomalies stubbornly ____ resolution.

Rather than washing away, they pile up, and a few may come to ____ viewed as especially pressing.

As researchers try to fix the problem, counterexamples accumulate. Consequently, the field enters ____ state of crisis.

The typical way out ____ this quagmire is the development of a fresh start, equipped with a host of novel tools and concepts.

As the new framework rapidly establishes ____ and makes progress, outdated questions and ideas are set aside and, eventually, they are forgotten.

When this happens, when an older paradigm is replaced by a newer one, we have what ____ calls a scientific revolution.

The new paradigm eventually crystallizes ____ normal science, adopting a consensus-building role, producing fresh anomalies, which eventually trigger a crisis, followed by another revolution, and so on, in a continuous cycle.

Would not all animals ____ from being smart?

For instance, if the common perception that social primates are smarter than social ungulates is true, then we must ask why ungulates ____ not undergo selection for similar abilities.

____ this issue underscores a fundamental point of evolutionary biology (and one not incorporated into the hypotheses proposed to date), namely that virtually all benefits entail costs of some kind.

Among the many costs of cognitive adaptations, ____ the most prominent one is that the neural tissue underlying the abilities is energetically expensive to grow and maintain.

Thus, the key to understanding when improved cognition will be selected for is gaining insight into the relative costs and benefits of the ability for ____ lineage in question.

Over time the healthcare industry has grown to favor medical equipment and ____ that are used only once in a hospital, clinic, or patient’s home and then discarded.

Disposable items were initially developed to advance patient ____ provider safety.

Single-use medical supplies, such as syringes, ____ kits, and scalpel blades, prevent germs and viruses from spreading from one patient to another and are essential in infection control and reducing hospital bacteria.

Disposables — including masks, plastic gloves, and body protection — reduce ____ of infection among healthcare personnel while protecting patients from germs carried by providers on their skin or clothing.

Single-use equipment also increases ____ efficiency of hospital and outpatient physician-patient interactions, which is increasingly important as shortages of healthcare personnel widen.

By ____ the burden of sterilization and disinfection after each medical intervention, single-use items allow healthcare providers to see more patients and spend more time with them.

Note that the ____ structure of sustainability is not the same as the problem of scarcity, which was central to the sustainability debates in the 1970s.

Scarcity is not a good measure for sustainability guidelines because we fail to be interested until the ____ or resource in question is totally consumed, or nearly so.

Scarcity also does not concern itself with how ____ and systems produce the resources, like water, that become scarce.

Focusing on scarcity is like mopping up water on the floor without ____ the leak that produces the problem because it is blind to the larger causes.

In other words, a concern for scarcity simply ____ not take account of the complexity within which modern societies operate.

____ there is a lot of uncertainty about the concrete boundaries in these systems, and this leaves a lot of contested terrain in the politics of sustainability.