2026 수능완성 영어 9강 변형문제

Avian song learning occurs in two stages: first, songs must be memorized and, second, they must be ____

In some species these two events overlap, but in others memorization can occur before practice by several months, providing an impressive example of ____ memory storage.

The young bird’s initial efforts to reproduce the ____ song are usually not successful.

These early songs may have uneven pitch, irregular tempo, and notes that are ____ of order or poorly reproduced.

However, sound graphs of songs recorded over several weeks or months reveal that during this practice period the bird fine-tunes his efforts until he produces an accurate ____ of the memorized template.

This process requires hearing oneself ____ birds are unable to reproduce memorized songs if they are deafened after memorization but before the practice period.

From a competitive perspective, sport enterprises are well ____ to invest heavily in their branding strategy.

In an increasingly competitive climate built around entertainment and disposable consumerism, sport enterprises must find ways to ____ long-term connections with consumers that maintain value beyond a brief transaction.

Branding offers the most effective method for cultivating sustainable relationships between brands and their ____

In such intense environments where performances can ebb and flow on and off the ____ the value inherent in a sport brand is the most resilient and long-lasting form of asset a sport enterprise can possess.

A strong brand gives its owner a ____ foundation of value that can weather poor seasons, new challenges, athletes that come and go, and rough markets.

Kuhn observed that ____ anomalies stubbornly resist resolution.

Rather than ____ away, they pile up, and a few may come to be viewed as especially pressing.

____ researchers try to fix the problem, counterexamples accumulate. Consequently, the field enters a state of crisis.

The typical way out of this quagmire is the development of a fresh start, equipped ____ a host of novel tools and concepts.

As the new framework rapidly establishes itself and makes ____ outdated questions and ideas are set aside and, eventually, they are forgotten.

When this happens, when an older paradigm is replaced by a newer one, we have what Kuhn ____ a scientific revolution.

The new paradigm eventually crystallizes into normal science, adopting a consensus-building role, producing fresh anomalies, which eventually trigger a ____ followed by another revolution, and so on, in a continuous cycle.

Would ____ all animals benefit from being smart?

For instance, if the ____ perception that social primates are smarter than social ungulates is true, then we must ask why ungulates did not undergo selection for similar abilities.

Considering this issue underscores a fundamental point of evolutionary biology (and one not ____ into the hypotheses proposed to date), namely that virtually all benefits entail costs of some kind.

Among the ____ costs of cognitive adaptations, perhaps the most prominent one is that the neural tissue underlying the abilities is energetically expensive to grow and maintain.

Thus, the key to understanding when improved cognition will be selected for is gaining ____ into the relative costs and benefits of the ability for the lineage in question.

Over time the healthcare industry has grown to favor medical equipment and instruments that are used ____ once in a hospital, clinic, or patient’s home and then discarded.

Disposable items ____ initially developed to advance patient and provider safety.

Single-use medical supplies, such as syringes, test kits, and scalpel blades, prevent germs and viruses from spreading from one patient to another and are ____ in infection control and reducing hospital bacteria.

Disposables — including masks, plastic gloves, and body protection — reduce ____ of infection among healthcare personnel while protecting patients from germs carried by providers on their skin or clothing.

Single-use equipment also increases the efficiency of hospital and outpatient physician-patient interactions, which is increasingly important as shortages of healthcare ____ widen.

By reducing the burden of sterilization and disinfection after each medical intervention, single-use items allow healthcare providers to see more ____ and spend more time with them.

Note that the problem structure of sustainability is not the same as the problem of scarcity, which was ____ to the sustainability debates in the 1970s.

Scarcity is not a good measure for sustainability guidelines because we fail to be interested until ____ system or resource in question is totally consumed, or nearly so.

Scarcity also does not concern itself with how cycles and systems produce the resources, like water, that ____ scarce.

Focusing on scarcity is like mopping up water on the floor without stopping the leak that produces ____ problem because it is blind to the larger causes.

In other words, a concern for scarcity simply does not take ____ of the complexity within which modern societies operate.

Still, there is a ____ of uncertainty about the concrete boundaries in these systems, and this leaves a lot of contested terrain in the politics of sustainability.