2026 수능완성 영어 9강 변형문제

Avian song ____ occurs in two stages: first, songs must be memorized and, second, they must be practiced.

In some species these ____ events overlap, but in others memorization can occur before practice by several months, providing an impressive example of long-term memory storage.

The young ____ initial efforts to reproduce the memorized song are usually not successful.

These early songs may have ____ pitch, irregular tempo, and notes that are out of order or poorly reproduced.

However, sound graphs of songs recorded over several weeks or months reveal that ____ this practice period the bird fine-tunes his efforts until he produces an accurate copy of the memorized template.

This process requires hearing oneself sing; birds are ____ to reproduce memorized songs if they are deafened after memorization but before the practice period.

From a competitive perspective, sport enterprises are ____ advised to invest heavily in their branding strategy.

In an increasingly competitive climate built around entertainment and disposable consumerism, sport enterprises must find ways to establish long-term connections with consumers that maintain value ____ a brief transaction.

Branding offers the most effective method for cultivating sustainable relationships ____ brands and their users.

In such intense environments where performances can ebb and flow on and off the field, the value inherent in a sport ____ is the most resilient and long-lasting form of asset a sport enterprise can possess.

A strong brand gives its owner a ____ foundation of value that can weather poor seasons, new challenges, athletes that come and go, and rough markets.

Kuhn observed that sometimes ____ stubbornly resist resolution.

Rather than washing away, they pile up, and a few may ____ to be viewed as especially pressing.

As researchers try to fix the problem, counterexamples accumulate. ____, the field enters a state of crisis.

The typical way out of this ____ is the development of a fresh start, equipped with a host of novel tools and concepts.

As the new framework rapidly establishes ____ and makes progress, outdated questions and ideas are set aside and, eventually, they are forgotten.

____ this happens, when an older paradigm is replaced by a newer one, we have what Kuhn calls a scientific revolution.

The new paradigm eventually crystallizes into normal ____, adopting a consensus-building role, producing fresh anomalies, which eventually trigger a crisis, followed by another revolution, and so on, in a continuous cycle.

Would not all animals benefit from ____ smart?

For instance, if the common perception that social primates are smarter than social ungulates is true, then we must ask why ungulates did not undergo selection for similar ____.

Considering this issue underscores a fundamental point of evolutionary ____ (and one not incorporated into the hypotheses proposed to date), namely that virtually all benefits entail costs of some kind.

Among the many costs of cognitive adaptations, perhaps the most prominent one is that the neural tissue underlying the ____ is energetically expensive to grow and maintain.

Thus, the key to understanding when improved cognition will be selected for is gaining insight into the relative ____ and benefits of the ability for the lineage in question.

____ time the healthcare industry has grown to favor medical equipment and instruments that are used only once in a hospital, clinic, or patient’s home and then discarded.

Disposable items were ____ developed to advance patient and provider safety.

Single-use medical supplies, such as syringes, test kits, and scalpel blades, prevent germs and viruses from spreading from one patient to another and are essential in infection control and reducing ____ bacteria.

____ — including masks, plastic gloves, and body protection — reduce incidents of infection among healthcare personnel while protecting patients from germs carried by providers on their skin or clothing.

Single-use equipment also increases the efficiency of hospital and outpatient physician-patient interactions, ____ is increasingly important as shortages of healthcare personnel widen.

By reducing the burden of sterilization and disinfection after each ____ intervention, single-use items allow healthcare providers to see more patients and spend more time with them.

Note that the problem structure of sustainability is ____ the same as the problem of scarcity, which was central to the sustainability debates in the 1970s.

Scarcity is not a good measure for sustainability ____ because we fail to be interested until the system or resource in question is totally consumed, or nearly so.

Scarcity also ____ not concern itself with how cycles and systems produce the resources, like water, that become scarce.

Focusing on scarcity is like mopping up water on the floor without stopping the leak that produces the ____ because it is blind to the larger causes.

In other words, a concern for scarcity simply does ____ take account of the complexity within which modern societies operate.

Still, there is a lot of ____ about the concrete boundaries in these systems, and this leaves a lot of contested terrain in the politics of sustainability.