2026 수능완성 영어 9강 변형문제

Avian song learning occurs in two stages: first, songs must be ____ and, second, they must be practiced.

In some ____ these two events overlap, but in others memorization can occur before practice by several months, providing an impressive example of long-term memory storage.

The young bird’s initial efforts to ____ the memorized song are usually not successful.

These early songs may have uneven pitch, irregular tempo, and notes that ____ out of order or poorly reproduced.

However, sound graphs of songs recorded over several weeks or months reveal that ____ this practice period the bird fine-tunes his efforts until he produces an accurate copy of the memorized template.

This process requires hearing oneself sing; birds are unable to reproduce memorized songs if ____ are deafened after memorization but before the practice period.

From ____ competitive perspective, sport enterprises are well advised to invest heavily in their branding strategy.

In ____ increasingly competitive climate built around entertainment and disposable consumerism, sport enterprises must find ways to establish long-term connections with consumers that maintain value beyond a brief transaction.

Branding offers the most effective ____ for cultivating sustainable relationships between brands and their users.

In such intense environments where performances can ebb and flow on ____ off the field, the value inherent in a sport brand is the most resilient and long-lasting form of asset a sport enterprise can possess.

A strong brand gives its owner a stable foundation of value that can weather poor seasons, new challenges, athletes that come and go, and rough ____

Kuhn ____ that sometimes anomalies stubbornly resist resolution.

Rather than washing away, they pile up, ____ a few may come to be viewed as especially pressing.

As researchers try to fix the problem, counterexamples accumulate. ____ the field enters a state of crisis.

The typical way out of this quagmire is the development of a ____ start, equipped with a host of novel tools and concepts.

As the new ____ rapidly establishes itself and makes progress, outdated questions and ideas are set aside and, eventually, they are forgotten.

When this happens, when an older paradigm is replaced by a ____ one, we have what Kuhn calls a scientific revolution.

The new paradigm eventually crystallizes into normal science, adopting a consensus-building role, producing fresh anomalies, which eventually trigger a crisis, followed by ____ revolution, and so on, in a continuous cycle.

Would not all animals ____ from being smart?

For instance, if the common perception ____ social primates are smarter than social ungulates is true, then we must ask why ungulates did not undergo selection for similar abilities.

Considering this issue underscores a fundamental point ____ evolutionary biology (and one not incorporated into the hypotheses proposed to date), namely that virtually all benefits entail costs of some kind.

Among ____ many costs of cognitive adaptations, perhaps the most prominent one is that the neural tissue underlying the abilities is energetically expensive to grow and maintain.

Thus, the key to understanding when improved cognition will be selected for is gaining insight into the relative costs and benefits of the ability for the lineage ____ question.

Over time the healthcare industry has grown to favor medical equipment and instruments that are used only once in a hospital, clinic, or patient’s ____ and then discarded.

Disposable items were initially developed to ____ patient and provider safety.

Single-use medical supplies, such as syringes, test kits, and scalpel blades, prevent germs and viruses from spreading from one patient to another ____ are essential in infection control and reducing hospital bacteria.

Disposables — including masks, plastic gloves, and body protection — ____ incidents of infection among healthcare personnel while protecting patients from germs carried by providers on their skin or clothing.

Single-use equipment also increases the efficiency of hospital and outpatient physician-patient interactions, which ____ increasingly important as shortages of healthcare personnel widen.

By reducing the burden of sterilization and disinfection after each medical intervention, single-use items allow healthcare providers to see more ____ and spend more time with them.

Note that the problem structure of sustainability is not the same as the problem ____ scarcity, which was central to the sustainability debates in the 1970s.

Scarcity is not ____ good measure for sustainability guidelines because we fail to be interested until the system or resource in question is totally consumed, or nearly so.

Scarcity also does ____ concern itself with how cycles and systems produce the resources, like water, that become scarce.

Focusing on scarcity is ____ mopping up water on the floor without stopping the leak that produces the problem because it is blind to the larger causes.

In other words, a concern for scarcity simply does not take account of the complexity within which ____ societies operate.

Still, there is a lot of uncertainty about the concrete boundaries in these systems, and this leaves a lot of contested terrain in ____ politics of sustainability.