2026 수능완성 5강 변형문제

What makes practicing retrieval ____ much better than review?

One answer comes from the ____ R. A. Bjork’s concept of desirable difficulty.

More difficult retrieval leads to better ____ provided the act of retrieval is itself successful.

Free recall tests, in which students need to recall as much as they can remember without prompting, tend to result in better retention than cued recall tests, ____ which students are given hints about what they need to remember.

Cued recall tests, in turn, are better than recognition tests, such as multiple-choice answers, where the ____ answer needs to be recognized but not generated.

Giving someone a test immediately after they learn something improves retention less than ____ them a slight delay, long enough so that answers aren’t in mind when they need them.

Difficulty, far from being a barrier to making retrieval work, may be part of the ____ it does so.

One area in which nature exposure is strongly connected to our wellbeing ____ our stress response.

Natural environments decrease ____

Cortisol levels ____ people living in neighbourhoods with more green space were lower than in people in areas with little green space.

In fact, as the percentage of green space in neighbourhoods increased, reported levels ____ stress decreased.

Exposure to nature for thirty minutes ____ the course of a week reduced blood pressure, and ninety minutes of walking in nature, compared to a walk in an urban environment, reduced activity in brain areas involved with sadness and negative emotions.

There is a trickle-down effect of having safe and accessible green space: people are likely ____ make use of it to move, exercise, and play if it is well maintained and easy to access.

Being able to walk to shops and facilities ____ reduce social isolation.

And feeling safe in your home ____ help act as a buffer against the stresses and strains of the outside world.

The equal sign (=) in algebraic equations indicates a merely quantitative equivalence between the expressions on either side and therefore tells us nothing about them ____

But similarity is based on formal or qualitative elements inherent to the things ____ compared and therefore gets at something more specific and fundamental about them.

The assumption here is that a circle’s being circular, which makes it similar to other circles, matters more than the size of the circle because the circle’s qualitative form is what makes it ____ it is and can be described without reference to magnitude.

____ Leibniz viewed the magnitude of geometric figures as somehow less substantial than their forms.

Magnitude is something merely comparative (Leibniz claimed) and can be grasped only by beholding two figures in ____ other’s presence, while the formal, qualitative features are definitionally inherent to each.

As we tell our ____ to someone else, we hear that familiar story in a perception-changing way.

Taking it out of our minds and ____ it into words changes the way it feels, sometimes even the way that we understand it.

This is emotional work. Sharing difficult news or personal struggles reveals the painful emotions involved to both narrator and ____ making a discussion uncomfortable for both parties in the conversation.

The listener may want to comfort or console ____ believing that the less we speak of our pain, the less we will suffer.

In fact, the opposite is true: the suffering ____ within us, waiting to be attended to.

By offering us their attention, a listener provides the space where we can face those issues we alone can wrestle with, within our inner silence; a place to review the ____ of our distress, understand them better, and find ways to move forward.

By listening and allowing ____ heartache, a compassionate listener helps us to create a container strong enough to hold it.

Often ____ best contribution is an accepting silence.

____ bacteria were the first inhabitants of the earth, the science dealing with them is a relatively young branch.

____ to the eye, their discovery was linked to the invention of instruments like the microscope.

Although Robert Hooke described the fruiting structure of molds in 1664 using his microscope, the ____ for observing and describing the microorganisms in some detail goes to a Dutchman called Antony van Leeuwenhoek.

In 1674, he viewed through his crude microscope a number of materials, such as drops of ____ water from various sources, blood, and muscle tissues, and observed a whole range of life forms, like bacteria, red blood cells and muscle cells.

So fascinated was he with these structures that he named them “dierkens” and wrote a series ____ letters to the Royal Society of London.

His observations along with the diagrams ____ published by the Royal Society in 1684, where these organisms were translated in English as “wee animalcules.”

Given sufficient exposure and repetition, anyone can learn to improvise in music ____ successfully as they improvise in life.

We ____ all born with the ability to improvise; the human brain is wired for it.

We deal ____ many of the challenges in life by improvising in some form or another; it’s how we cope with the unexpected and is part of being human.

____ a natural process — like breathing or walking on uneven ground.

Unfortunately, many believe ____ jazz improvisation is mysterious and only a select few can find their way.

This leads to the false belief that you either have the ____ or you don’t. This simply isn’t true.

Yes, there are teaching methods that make learning jazz seem as difficult as learning chemistry or physics, ____ it’s not.

Regardless of how it might seem, it’s just music. Like all music, it takes practice . . . but ____ doesn’t mean it’s difficult.

____ the right way, becoming a jazz musician is a straightforward process.