2026 수능특강 영어독해연습 14강
12 정치 참여 모집의 사회경제적 지위 편향
Requests to take part politically arise from a variety of sources: through social media, or in a sermon at church, or from the newsletter of ____ organization of which one is a member, or directly from a friend, neighbor, or co-worker.
Because those who attempt to get others involved in politics act as “rational prospectors,” the ordinary processes through which people are asked to take part do not ameliorate the ____ bias in individual political voice.
Seeking to get results as efficiently as possible, rational prospectors aim their ____ at those who are likely not only to say yes but also, on assenting, to participate effectively.
Often they target people who have been active in the past. The result is that participation undertaken in response to requests from others brings ____ a disproportionate share of previous activists,
which in turn exaggerates the socioeconomic status bias of political ____
In this way, ordinary processes of recruitment to political involvement do not simply replicate the socioeconomic structuring ____ political participation: they actually amplify it.
13 감정이 기억에 미치는 영향
Storing too many memories could slow down the process of retrieval, so memories that are deemed ____ are quietly erased.
This is why you probably cannot remember what you had for breakfast two ____ ago as such information is unlikely to be useful.
This of course raises the question as to how ____ can determine in advance whether or not a memory is likely to be useful in the future.
One factor is ____
In times of great stress, people will often have very detailed memories of the event; in extreme cases this can manifest itself as post-traumatic stress ____ (PTSD).
Sufferers of PTSD can be overwhelmed by ____ of traumatic events and can show hypervigilance in threatening situations.
Although PTSD is clearly maladaptive, it may be an extreme form of a process that ____ evolutionarily useful.
It would surely be good design to ensure that an animal that has had, ____ example, a near-death experience would learn from that experience and display vigilance in similar situations.
14 조작하는 사람이 인식할 때 가치 있는 정보
One example of information that has greatest value when it is in the awareness of a human operator can be ____ in the context of driving.
Vehicles today are designed with increasingly sophisticated sensor packages ____ at detecting a variety of aspects of the driving environment.
For example, forward-looking ____ and forward-looking radar systems can judge the distance to vehicles in front of a driver.
Computations that measure this information over time reveal changes ____ distance.
This information can ____ used to alert a driver when the change in distance for a given vehicle speed is rapid enough to suggest a collision might take place.
That information is important, but it ____ only valuable if the driver acts on it.
(Unless, of course, the vehicle itself acts on it without driver ____
The key here is that the driver must have the ability to ____ attention to the information for the information to have value to the driver.
If the driver is distracted by a phone, for example, they might fail to ____ the important information the vehicle is presenting.
15 세포의 성장과 지속 사이의 균형
A biologist, Tyler ____ points out that cells are self-generated dynamic entities that at any given moment are always on the cusp between persisting and dying.
They manage ____ survive by using their metabolism to stay ahead in this game.
When metabolic wastes are expelled, the result ____ a loss of molecules.
____ compensate, cells also use metabolism to grow new molecules.
If the exchange is at least equal, ____ cell can persist in its present form.
If more molecules are generated than are ____ which adds protection against dying, net growth results, and the cell gets bigger.
But a cell can only grow so much, as larger cells require more nutrients, and the cell runs up against a basic principle of physics — as a sphere ____ bigger, its interior increases to a greater degree than its surface area.
For a cell, this makes it harder for the surface to keep the flow of nutrients high ____ to sustain the ever-larger interior.
So what’s a cell to do? It divides in half and starts the process all over as it approaches its useful size ____
This ____ a balance between growth and persistence.
16 단기적인 반복 연습과 장기 기억
In a study, Iowa State University researchers read people lists of words, and then asked for each list ____ be recited back either right away, after fifteen seconds of rehearsal, or after fifteen seconds of doing very simple math problems that prevented rehearsal.
____ subjects who were allowed to reproduce the lists right after hearing them did the best.
Those who had fifteen seconds to rehearse before ____ came in second.
The group distracted ____ math problems finished last.
Later, when everyone thought they were finished, they were all surprised with a pop quiz: ____ down every word you can recall from the lists.
Suddenly, the worst ____ became the best. Short-term rehearsal gave purely short-term benefits.
Struggling to hold on to information and then recall it had helped the ____ distracted by math problems transfer the information from short-term to long-term memory.
The group with more and immediate rehearsal opportunity recalled nearly ____ on the pop quiz.
Repetition, it turned ____ was less important than struggle.
17 조직의 창발적 특성인 심리적 안전감
Psychological safety plays ____ powerful role in the science of failing well.
It allows people to ask for help when they’re in over their ____ which helps eliminate preventable failures.
____ helps them report — and hence catch and correct — errors to avoid worse outcomes, and it makes it possible to experiment in thoughtful ways to generate new discoveries.
Think about the ____ that you’ve been a part of at work or at school.
These groups probably varied in ____ safety.
Maybe in some you felt ____ comfortable speaking up with a new idea, or disagreeing with a team leader.
In other teams you might have felt it was better to hold back — to wait and see what happened or what other people did and said before ____ your neck out.
That difference is now called psychological safety — and I have found in my research that it’s an emergent ____ of a group, not a personality difference.
This means your perception of whether it’s safe to speak up at work is unrelated to whether you’re an ____ or an introvert.
____ it’s shaped by how people around you react to things that you and others say and do.
18 공공 공간이 이주민에게 미치는 영향
We ____ in a highly mobile world, where people are regularly uprooted from their home locales.
Some do so by choice, but for others political or economic conditions force them to relocate ____ vastly different physical and cultural places.
In these circumstances, aside from their private realms, public space plays a role in creating a sense of belonging to a ____ place.
The sensory qualities of public space — the ____ of the sea, a familiar tree, the design of a fence, the quality of light, a soccer field — have an utmost capacity to create a connection to “home” for the new arrivals.
These seemingly ephemeral qualities of public space can ____ deep psychological comfort by triggering a familiar memory, creating an interconnectedness, or forming a continuum between the past and the present.
These experiences in ____ of public space can also establish a common or shared experience between the locals and the newcomers.