2027 수특 영어독해연습 6강 빈칸 넣기

The inability of arms suppliers to ____ the uses to which their military hardware will be put is troubling.

Friends can become enemies, and supplying weapons can backfire ― generating what the CIA calls blowback to describe what can ____ when foreign activities such as covert shipments of arms are later used in retaliations against the supplier.

The ____ States learned this painful lesson the hard way.

The weapons it shipped to Iraq when Saddam Hussein was ____ Iran in the 1980s were later used against U.S. forces in the Persian Gulf War.

This also happened when the Stinger missiles the United States supplied to Taliban forces resisting the Soviet Union's 1979 invasion in Afghanistan fell into the hands of terrorists ____ opposing the United States.

Likewise, in 1982, Great Britain found itself shipping military equipment to Argentina ____ eight days before Argentina's attack on the British-controlled Falkland Islands; and in 1998, U.S. military technology sold to China was exported to Pakistan, making possible its nuclear weapons test.

A wholesaler ____ an organisation or individual acting as the middle step between a producer and a retailer.

It is reasonable to ____ what the point might be of having a wholesaler in the distribution channel.

Why ____ the manufacturer not simply pass the sporting goods straight on to the retailer?

However, a wholesaler can be important ____ helping other channel members.

First, they usually buy goods in ____ from the manufacturer and then store them.

When the retailer is ready to order some goods, the wholesaler ____ the sporting goods to them.

____ wholesaler can also stock a large range of goods from a variety of different manufacturers.

As a result, instead of having to contact all ____ these producers, the retailer only has to talk to the one wholesaler to gain access to a range of different sporting goods.

Connecting ideas logically is the basis for reality testing, because a child around thirty to forty months old connects experiences inside herself with ____ outside and categorizes which are which (fantasy versus reality).

Her ongoing emotional interactions ____ this ability to form a category of reality because they continuously put a "me" in contact (through the interactions) with a "not me or you."

____ ongoing contact with someone who is "not me" provides constant contact with an external reality outside oneself.

The emotional investment in relationships enables the child to recognize the ____ between her fantasies and the actual behavior of others.

While "reality testing" might appear to be a purely cognitive capacity, it requires an ability to organize an emotional sense of self that is ____ from one's sense of others.

Such "reality testing" is a critical foundation for ____ thinking.

Without it, facts are often used to support irrational ____

Procedures have recently been developed that separate imitation from other forms of social influence and social learning, and the results of initial studies indicate that species from chimpanzees to quail ____ imitate.

____ findings should not be surprising because social learning, whether by imitation or some other process, often provides greater benefits than genetically predisposed behavior or trial-and-error learning.

However, the processes involved that ____ animals to match their behavior to that of a demonstrator are poorly understood.

____ may involve some form of coordination of visual and touch-based sensory modalities, perspective taking, or response facilitation.

However, the role of such processes in opaque imitation is ____ unknown.

A reasonable strategy to better understand the mechanisms involved in imitation would be to determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for opaque ____ to occur and to explore the range of behaviors that animals can imitate.

Finally, the ability to learn from ____ may not only be adaptive in making more efficient the acquisition of behavior important for survival and reproduction but it may also free the animal from trial-and-error learning to engage in innovative variants that may be adopted by others.

In the sports industry, feelings of delight do not stay permanently with a customer; they will not continue to feel the ____ intensity of delight (such as excitement or exhilaration) indefinitely, although they are likely to remember the experience.

If, for example, fitness centre customers remember being delighted ____ last time they used a service, their expectations may be raised well above normal.

This may be termed assimilated delight, because the customer has incorporated the things that ____ them into their expectations of what is normal.

The customer may even tell others about the features of the service, and as a result ____ may also come to expect a high level of performance as normal.

Worse, competing organisations may hear about what is being offered and duplicate ____ themselves, which of course will mean that there is nothing unique about the original service.

As a result, sport organisations must carefully consider whether the cost of providing a ____ feature is worth it.

We can tell whether a definition is too broad or ____ narrow by looking for counterexamples.

A counterexample ____ a particular instance that proves a definition wrong.

If a definition is ____ narrow, a counterexample is something that belongs in the concept but is excluded by the definition.

Atheists are counterexamples ____ the definition of humans as religious animals.

However, if a definition is ____ broad, a counterexample is something that does not belong in the concept but is included in the definition.

Birds are ____ to the definition of humans as two-legged animals.

Let's look at a few ____ cases.

"A ____ is a degree-granting educational institution."

A counterexample would be a ____ school.

Law schools are degree-granting ____ institutions, but they are not colleges.

So this definition includes too much; ____ too broad.

____ cigarette is a sheaf of chopped tobacco rolled in white paper."

What about the brands ____ are rolled in brown paper?

They are counterexamples proving that the definition does not include enough; ____ too narrow.

While insects are usually depicted as displaying genetically fixed, stereotyped behaviors, recent research has shown that they can have quite elaborate conducts, indicating a high degree of learning capacity ____ flexibility, displaying attentional capacities, navigational skills, and a good spatial memory.

For instance, some species of wasps hide their nests in several places which they keep hidden ____ visit regularly to provide them with food.

They ____ remember the quality of the supplies provided to each nest and the time when these were delivered in order to visit them again timely.

This kind of memory (remembering the three wh's: what, where, and when something happened) ____ traditionally considered to be exclusive to higher vertebrates and is supposed to be a fundamental precursor of planning abilities and for the development of a complex representation of the world.

In humans, this capacity has been termed episodic memory, but it critically differs from its nonhuman counterparts in being a form of explicit memory; that is, it can be ____ communicated to others (like when you tell your friend what happened last night at someone else's party).

With people living longer and the average age increasing markedly, the ramifications for ____ are substantial.

Fewer ____ are likely to engage in the most popular traditional and, incidentally, most athletic sports, such as soccer, other forms of football, and basketball.

These sports will ____ to market their products differently in order to satisfy the requirements of the older spectator or supporter.

This may mean far more comfortable ____ areas with greater and better access to car parks, bars, and restaurants.

It may mean showing top sports during the day or much earlier in the evening, with far less television ____ on Fridays and Saturdays when older viewers prefer to visit friends, go to restaurants or spend time at the local pub or club.

The 'ageing viewer' ____ for such it may well be, will probably herald a realisation that new sponsors will be required for sport.

Colas and sport shoes may be fine for the under-35s, but the older generation may prefer a ____ red wine and comfortable slippers.

It will be the sporting organisations and sponsors who can create the idea of youth combined with the comfort of older age which will ____ most successful in the next half century.

How often do you eat three-fourths of a sandwich ____ cookie?

Typically, we completely consume items ____ defined quantity and have experience with these particular quantities.

We can assume that, in early exposures to a sandwich, for example, consumption of one sandwich ____ followed by comfortable satiety and an adequate level of energy.

We also tend to consume entire portions, often completely unaware of ____ energy dense or dilute they are.

For example, many of us consume a "bowlful" of cereal in the morning, regardless of the type of cereal (high or low ____ calories or other nutrients).

Indeed, the ____ individual serving bowls of cereals from one commercial source vary between 70 and 130 kcal, and the fat content of the milk you probably add will make even larger differences.

We learn, in early experiences with ____ foods, what quantities yield satiety.

However, we can easily be "tricked," especially when ____ at restaurants, because portion sizes are often larger and more fat and calorie dense than we expect.

Across different performance ____ successful performance is not just dependent on proficient movement control and the successful execution of skills; often effective decision-making is also a core requirement.

In this context, decision-making can generally be viewed as the process of committing ____ a particular course of action (choosing one option over another) and relates to the choices that are made when a number of options are available to the performer for selection.

In all cases, the decisions that are made are influenced by past experiences and the knowledge base the individual performer has of ____ specific situation.

These past experiences can help or hinder decision-making but, generally speaking, will bias the decision-maker either for or against a certain course of action depending on whether that course of action was successful in ____ past.

Another ____ aspect of making decisions in performance settings is that there is often more than one right decision, and the 'right' decision will often differ from individual to individual depending upon their skill level and expertise.

Also, the timescale within which a decision is made ____ varies, as does the underpinning explanation of process which differs depending on whether the decision is time-constrained or not.

Emerging findings suggest that ____ arguing their point of view electronically can be influential in ways that improve group performance, as long as they claim in-group affiliation and maintain their views consistently.

Several fascinating studies have also ____ a persuasive and performance advantage for remote or geographically removed minorities.

In these cases, groups with a minority advocate who is geographically remote seemed to perform better because the minority was able to play devil's advocate, effectively ____ the majority to think about alternatives.

Perhaps being removed from the anxiety and discomfort of face-to-face disagreements makes it easier for the minority to assert an atypical view without fear of reprisal, and makes it easier for majorities to accept minority input without worrying about the identity consequences of publicly ____ it.

Thus, increased opportunity for minority ____ of view to improve group decisions should be counted among the benefits of electronic or technology-mediated communication.

Consider the ____ of a "chair."

According ____ essentialism, a chair has specific properties necessary to be recognized and identified as a chair.

These properties may include having a seat, backrest, and legs, ____ allow for sitting.

____ other words, these essential characteristics define the essence of a chair.

Under the essentialist viewpoint, it would not be considered a chair if an object ____ any defining properties.

For instance, if ____ have an object with a seat and backrest but without legs, it would not fit the essentialist definition of a chair.

The presence of legs is considered essential for ____ object to be classified as a chair.

Non-essentialism, on the other hand, would ____ the notion that a chair requires specific essential properties.

Instead, it might ____ that any object can be considered a chair if it fulfills a functional purpose, such as providing a platform for sitting.

____ to non-essentialism, an object's essence or specific properties are not necessary for its identification or classification.