2026 수특 영독연 10강 변형문제 (1~6번)

One of the striking features of many invasions is a massive, early population outbreak that makes ____ alien form conspicuous and often highly destructive.

In some species this outbreak may occur immediately after initial introduction; in others it occurs only ____ a delay of years, decades, or even a century.

Following the outbreak, however, the population of the alien, as well as its ecological impact, ____ decline substantially.

In many cases, native species also make ecological and evolutionary adjustments that shield them from the ____ of aliens.

In addition, the ____ outbreak of the alien creates massive ecological and evolutionary opportunities for exploitation by members of the native community.

Ecological responses may be rapid, as members of the native community ____ to exploit the new community member as a food source and to avoid its direct detrimental influences.

Later, evolutionary adjustments improve the ability of members of the native community to use the alien as a resource or to avoid ____ negative impacts of the alien.

It is useful to note that there are two angles to sport marketing. The ____ is that sport products and services can be marketed directly to the consumer.

The second is ____ other, non-sport products and services can be marketed through the use of sport.

In other words, sport marketing involves the marketing of sport and marketing through ____

For example, the marketing of sport products and services directly to sport consumers ____ include sporting equipment, professional competitions, sport events and local clubs.

Other simple examples ____ team advertising, designing a publicity stunt to promote an athlete, selling season tickets, and developing licensed clothing for sale

In contrast, marketing through sport happens when a non-sport product is ____ through an association to sport.

Some examples could include a professional athlete endorsing a breakfast cereal, a corporation sponsoring a sport event, or even ____ beer company arranging to have exclusive rights to provide beer at a sport venue or event.

Determining the probability that a particular event will occur in a particular location within a ____ time span is an essential goal of hazard evaluation.

For many large rivers we have sufficient records of flow to develop probability models that can reasonably predict the average number of floods of a given magnitude that will occur in a ____ time period.

Likewise, ____ may be assigned a probability on the basis of past occurrence of rainfall in the region.

However, these probabilities are similar to the chances of throwing a particular number on a die or drawing an inside straight in poker; the element ____ chance is always present.

For example, the 10-year flood may occur on the average of every 10 years, but it is possible for several floods of this magnitude to occur in any one year, just as it is possible to ____ two straight sixes with a die.

Hazard evaluation involves estimating the likelihood of events like floods or droughts in a specific time and space based on records, while always carrying an element ____ randomness with it.

Among the first studies to suggest the use of specifically a visual in contrast to verbal ____ phonologically based temporary memory for verbal stimuli were those conducted by psychologist Posner and his colleagues,

who developed a visual letter-matching task in which pairs of letters were shown in their upper case (e.g., AB) or lower case (e.g., aa) versions or a mixture of ____ (e.g., Bb).

The subjects’ task was to respond on the basis of whether the letters in the pair had the same name ____ Aa) or had different names (e.g., Ab).

When the letters were both in the same letter case and were physically identical (e.g., AA), subjects responded much more quickly than if the upper and lower ____ versions were different.

The advantage for physically identical letters remained when letters in each pair were shown one after another with interletter delays of up to 2 ____

This suggested that subjects were relying on the visual code for the letters during the delay, after which a name code was being used for ____ decision.

As more and more brands and organizations ____ working with influences, the return on influencer (yes, pun intended) has decreased.

People realize that their heroes are being paid to promote brands on social media. The amount celebrities can get for promoting brands goes up to half a million dollars for a mention in ____ single Instagram post.

So, in the past few years, ____ have slowly extended their influencer marketing strategies to so-called micro-influencers.

These are people with 10,000 to 50,000 followers who are seen as experts or heroes to a smaller ____ of people.

Because of the ____ of their following, their messages on social media are perceived to be authentic and therefore more trustworthy.

As this strategy is also gaining (too much) popularity, several experts have predicted that the 2020s will be the era of ____ nano influences.

These are people with 1,000 – 10,000 followers and who are just like your own most popular friends and ____ members; their lack of any real fame will be a sign of their trustworthiness.

The expectation is that ____ nano category will also eventually lose its authenticity and trust will move to the last category, the pico influences.

This is the category of people with less ____ 1,000 connections: the level of you, me and my neighbor with her dog.

These are the people that we ____ in real life and with whom we have a relationship.

The interesting thing ____ that we have then come full circle, back to where we were historically, when we trusted people who were actually very well known to us.