2026 수능특강 영어독해연습 14강
12 정치 참여 모집의 사회경제적 지위 편향
Requests to take part politically arise from a variety of sources: through social media, or in a sermon at church, or from the ____ of an organization of which one is a member, or directly from a friend, neighbor, or co-worker.
Because those who attempt to get others ____ in politics act as “rational prospectors,” the ordinary processes through which people are asked to take part do not ameliorate the class bias in individual political voice.
Seeking to get results as efficiently as possible, rational prospectors aim their ____ at those who are likely not only to say yes but also, on assenting, to participate effectively.
Often they ____ people who have been active in the past. The result is that participation undertaken in response to requests from others brings in a disproportionate share of previous activists,
which in turn exaggerates the socioeconomic status ____ of political participation.
In this way, ordinary processes of recruitment to political involvement do not simply replicate the socioeconomic structuring of political participation: they ____ amplify it.
13 감정이 기억에 미치는 영향
Storing too many memories could slow down the process of retrieval, so memories ____ are deemed irrelevant are quietly erased.
This is why you probably cannot remember what you had for breakfast two Fridays ____ as such information is unlikely to be useful.
This of course raises the question as to how we can determine in advance whether or not a memory is likely to be useful ____ the future.
One factor ____ emotion.
In times of great stress, people will often have very detailed memories of the event; in extreme cases this ____ manifest itself as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Sufferers of PTSD can be overwhelmed by ____ of traumatic events and can show hypervigilance in threatening situations.
Although PTSD is clearly maladaptive, it may be an extreme form of a process that ____ evolutionarily useful.
It would surely be good design to ensure that an animal that has had, for example, a near-death experience would learn from that experience and display vigilance in ____ situations.
14 조작하는 사람이 인식할 때 가치 있는 정보
One example of information that has greatest value when it is in the awareness of a human ____ can be found in the context of driving.
Vehicles ____ are designed with increasingly sophisticated sensor packages aimed at detecting a variety of aspects of the driving environment.
For example, forward-looking cameras and forward-looking radar systems can judge the distance to vehicles in front of a ____
____ that measure this information over time reveal changes in distance.
This information can be used to alert a driver when the change in distance for a given vehicle speed is rapid enough to suggest a collision might ____ place.
That information is important, but it ____ only valuable if the driver acts on it.
(Unless, of course, the ____ itself acts on it without driver intervention.)
The key here is that the driver must have the ____ to pay attention to the information for the information to have value to the driver.
If the driver is distracted by a phone, for example, they might fail to ____ the important information the vehicle is presenting.
15 세포의 성장과 지속 사이의 균형
A biologist, Tyler Volk, points ____ that cells are self-generated dynamic entities that at any given moment are always on the cusp between persisting and dying.
____ manage to survive by using their metabolism to stay ahead in this game.
When metabolic wastes are expelled, the result is a loss ____ molecules.
To compensate, cells also use ____ to grow new molecules.
If the exchange is at least equal, the cell can persist ____ its present form.
If more molecules are generated than are lost, which adds protection against dying, net growth results, and the ____ gets bigger.
But a cell can only grow so much, as larger cells require more nutrients, and the cell runs up against a basic principle of physics — as a ____ gets bigger, its interior increases to a greater degree than its surface area.
For a cell, this makes ____ harder for the surface to keep the flow of nutrients high enough to sustain the ever-larger interior.
So what’s a cell to do? It divides in half and starts the process all over ____ it approaches its useful size limit.
____ achieves a balance between growth and persistence.
16 단기적인 반복 연습과 장기 기억
In a study, Iowa State University researchers read people lists of words, and then asked for each list to be recited back either right away, after fifteen seconds of rehearsal, or after fifteen seconds of doing very simple ____ problems that prevented rehearsal.
The subjects who were allowed to reproduce the ____ right after hearing them did the best.
____ who had fifteen seconds to rehearse before reciting came in second.
The ____ distracted with math problems finished last.
Later, when everyone thought they were finished, they were all surprised with a pop quiz: write down every word you can recall from the ____
Suddenly, the worst group became ____ best. Short-term rehearsal gave purely short-term benefits.
Struggling to hold on to information and then recall it had helped the group distracted by math problems ____ the information from short-term to long-term memory.
The group with more and immediate rehearsal opportunity recalled nearly nothing on the pop ____
Repetition, it turned out, was ____ important than struggle.
17 조직의 창발적 특성인 심리적 안전감
Psychological safety plays a powerful role in the ____ of failing well.
It allows people to ask for ____ when they’re in over their heads, which helps eliminate preventable failures.
It helps them report — and hence catch and correct — errors to avoid worse outcomes, and it makes it possible ____ experiment in thoughtful ways to generate new discoveries.
Think about the teams that you’ve been a part of at work or ____ school.
These ____ probably varied in psychological safety.
Maybe in some you felt completely comfortable speaking up with a new idea, ____ disagreeing with a team leader.
In other teams you might have felt ____ was better to hold back — to wait and see what happened or what other people did and said before sticking your neck out.
That difference is now called psychological safety — and I ____ found in my research that it’s an emergent property of a group, not a personality difference.
This means your perception of whether ____ safe to speak up at work is unrelated to whether you’re an extrovert or an introvert.
Instead, it’s shaped by how people around you react to things that you and others say ____ do.
18 공공 공간이 이주민에게 미치는 영향
We live in a highly mobile world, where people are regularly uprooted from their ____ locales.
Some do so by choice, but for others ____ or economic conditions force them to relocate to vastly different physical and cultural places.
In these circumstances, aside from their private realms, public space plays a role in creating a sense ____ belonging to a new place.
The sensory qualities of public space — the smell of the sea, a familiar tree, the ____ of a fence, the quality of light, a soccer field — have an utmost capacity to create a connection to “home” for the new arrivals.
These seemingly ephemeral qualities of public space can bring deep psychological comfort by triggering a familiar memory, creating an interconnectedness, or forming a continuum ____ the past and the present.
These experiences in and of public ____ can also establish a common or shared experience between the locals and the newcomers.